**3.3 Impact on water resource**

Groundwater flow in springs, gaining streams, and wells may be impacted by nearby aggregate operations that pump groundwater from the pit or quarry [9]. Due to resuspension of sediments, sedimentation due to stockpiling and dumping of excess mining materials and organic particulate matter, and oil spills or leakage from excavation machinery and transportation vehicles, increased turbidity in sand mining sites are common [6] (**Figure 5**).
