**10. Discussion**

*Security and Privacy From a Legal, Ethical, and Technical Perspective*

in challenging driving situations, while also enjoying their drive.

**9.3 Technology and the conceptualization of the driver**

*9.3.1 Role of driver in the system and adaptive automation*

*9.3.2 Driver as a person (holistic approach)*

*9.3.3 Diversity in older adult population*

emotional health.

learn about those situations and tasks that prove challenging and/or stressful for the older adult driver (i.e. driving in traffic, poor visibility, changing lanes, parking and so forth, etc.), then it can truly tailor the task support that it provides to the driver. This tailored task support is predictive/intelligent, ensuring that the driver persists

The proposed system maintains the autonomy of the individual. In principle, the driver is able to choose (and/or switch off) task support and advanced levels of automation, if they so choose. Overall, we are starting from the point of the engaged driver, who has capacity and ability. In this way, the system supports a vision of the older adult driver as 'in control'. The role of the driver is to work in partnership with the 'co-pilot', to achieve a safe and enjoyable drive. Critically, the system treats the driver as 'capable' and 'in charge' unless it detects that the driver is incapacitated and/or there is a potential for a safety critical event (i.e. level 3 assistance/safety critical intervention). If the system detects that the driver is in a seriously impaired state and/or incapacitated, or that a safety critical event is imminent, then the principle of 'driver autonomy' is

outweighed by that of safety. In such cases, authority moves to 'automation'.

The proposed driving assistance system is premised on a conceptualisation of the driver/older adult as a person and not a set of symptoms/conditions (i.e. holistic approach). Specifically, biopsychosocial concepts of health and wellness inform the logic of the proposed driving assistance system. The system is concerned with all aspects of the driver's wellness, including the driver's physical, social, cognitive and

Critically, the driving assistance system logic is premised on the idea that all older adult drivers are not the same. Older adult drivers vary in many ways including body size and shape, strength, mobility, sensory acuity, cognition, emotions, driving experience, driving ability (and challenges) and confidence. In relation to driving situation and ability, we have segmented older adults into the following high-profiles or clusters—as indicated previously. These profiles have been further specified in relation to a series of personae. Critically, the system logic directly

The acceptability of the proposed system largely depends upon how it treats certain issues pertaining to driver rights. Overall this technology is designed to uphold an older adult's rights. This is specifically salient in relation to preserving driver autonomy, monitoring the driver state and recording driver health information. As outlined earlier, the technology maintains the autonomy of older adults (i.e. the starting point is the engaged driver). Further, we are proposing that information captured about the person's current health and wellness and driving challenges/ events is NOT shared with other parties. In all cases, the driver is in charge of their

addresses the needs and requirements of these specific personae.

own data and decisions about how it is stored and shared with others.

*9.3.4 Upholding rights (autonomy, dignity and privacy)*

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