**9.1 High level principles underlying system concept**

The third phase of research involved the specification of the high-level system logic and associated principles associated with this concept. The highlevel principles associated with the system logic are grouped into six themes as follows:

1.Philosophy of the system

*Security and Privacy From a Legal, Ethical, and Technical Perspective*

**8.3 Framing the design problem and system objectives**

ence and promoting driver self-efficacy.

1. Safe driving for older adults

3. Positive driver experience

2.Driver persistence

**and measures)**

and used by the public.

1 Safe driving for older adults

2 Driver persistence

3 Driver experience

associated objectives and metrics.

**# System goal Human benefit and well-being objectives/ targets (design outcomes)**

> Driver feels safe Driver feels in control The car is in a safe state

Car as an enabler of active ageing/positive ageing—and allied health benefits Car contributing to eudaemonia (living well) Car contributing to a sense of having a purpose

Supporting social connection and participation

Driver feeling happy/enjoying driving activity Emotional state/psychological well-being

Car as an enabler of mobility

Supporting citizenship, etc.

Focus on ability (available capacity) Promote adaptation and bricolage

(avoidance of stress) Driver in control

*System goals, well-being objectives and well-being metrics.*

highly automated, fully automated), while others present to all.

level of driving automation (i.e. manual, partially automated/function specific,

The design problem is framed in relation to advancing systems that can detect the health and psychological/emotional condition of the driver, so that the vehicle responds as appropriate, while also ensuring a positive/enjoyable driving experi-

To this end, three high level goals for the system have been defined. These are:

Accordingly, the requirement is to advance a system which can detect the health and psychological/emotional condition of the driver so that the vehicle responds as appropriate (i.e. promoting engagement/alertness, providing task supports, taking

It is very difficult to both predict and assess the potential ethical implications and impact of this technology. However, we can document key performance indicators (KPIs) relevant to the potential success of this technology once it is introduced

As stated previously, we have defined three high level goals for the system. These

**Metric (outcome indicators)**

on road/lane, speed)

Health status Mobility status

Social capitol Personal growth

independence Subjective well-being

Subjective perception of safety/security Objective measure of car safety (position

Positive human functioning and flourishing

Subjective enjoyment of driving Subjective feeling of human agency/

goals have been reformulated in terms of objectives concerning human benefit and well-being and associated measures/KPI's. These are described in **Table 4**. As indicated in **Table 4**, there is a relationship across goals (1), (2) and (3), and the

over the driving task if the driver is impaired and/or calling an ambulance).

**8.4 Refining system goals: human benefit and well-being (objectives** 

**32**

**Table 4.**


As indicated in **Figure 1**, the principles associated with (1) are derived from related principles relating to (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6). In addition, the principles related to (5) follow from an understanding of (4) and feed into (2) and (3) and so forth. Subsequent sections focus on principles related to (1) and (2).
