Contents


Preface

This book examines the concept of multiplexing through the lens of

may vary from one field to another.

ness, forgiveness, guidance, and advice.

telecommunication electronics, digital signal processing, and robotics. Topics highlighted include multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) and 5G-related applications. It is fascinating to learn that the basic idea of multiplexing, which dates back to the time of telegraph systems, is still very valuable today and is, in fact, the basis for multicarrier systems such as Long-Term Evolution (LTE) communication, 5G technologies, optic systems, and the Internet of Things (IoT), among many others. However, it should be noted that multiplexing is not limited to only these areas, but is widely used in many fields. Multiplexing is mainly used to share resources and enable simultaneous processes, and these processes and resources

To start, this work presents a brief history of multiplexing, including relevant definitions and an overview of the components used in multiplexing systems. Then, it goes on to discuss some of the most practical applications of multiplexing, such as Multiple-Input, Multiple-Output Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM), Direct-Sequence Optical Code-Division Multiple-

I want to thank my parents, Mrs. Shahin Mohammady and Mr. MohammadAli Mohammady, my husband, Dr. Pooria Varahram, and my children, Daniel and

I also want to thank my supervisors, Prof. Ronan Farrell and Dr. John Dooley, and my colleagues Joanna O'Grady, James Kinsella, and all members of the Department of Electronic Engineering at Maynooth University, for all their care, support, kind-

This publication is a result of research conducted with the financial support of Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) and is co-funded under the European Regional

**Somayeh Mohammady**

Ireland

National University of Ireland Maynooth,

Access (DS-OCDMA) systems, and optical multiplexing.

Denise, for all their compassion, consideration, and help.

Development Fund under Grant Number 13/RC/2077.
