Author details

X<sup>2</sup> ¼

material (Figure 8).

Table 4.

126

calculation Nc methods.

Figure 8.

5.3 Results and discussions

0 if tan θ ≥ tan θmax ffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffiffi

Scheme shows changes in gamma-ray direction in the case of multiple interactions.

<sup>2</sup> sin <sup>2</sup>φ

phenomenon that occurs when gamma rays interact with the absorber.

t þ h

� r2cosφ

To complete this study, we have developed another program based on the EGC method [18]. This program results in determining the energy loss predominant

For this, we compare the range x to the relaxation length (λ) of the γ-rays in the

The measured Nm and calculated Nc activities of some different irradiated stan-

Element Element mass (mg) <sup>ϕ</sup> Nm Nc <sup>R</sup> <sup>¼</sup> Nc

Na 0.51 1.0 � <sup>10</sup><sup>7</sup> <sup>50</sup> � 7 58.0 � 0.2 1.16 <sup>K</sup> 2.32 2.3 � 108 <sup>17</sup> � 4 14 � 0.1 1 Cl 0.92 5.0 � <sup>10</sup><sup>8</sup> <sup>447</sup> � 21 432 � 1 0.96 <sup>P</sup> 1.61 2.0 � <sup>10</sup><sup>9</sup> <sup>2533</sup> � 50 2700 � 5 1.06

Data obtained for different irradiated standards with a 14 MeV neutron flux by experimental Nm and

sin<sup>θ</sup> if tan<sup>θ</sup> , tan <sup>θ</sup>max

Nm

R2 <sup>2</sup> � r<sup>2</sup>

ð Þ With tan <sup>θ</sup>max <sup>¼</sup> <sup>R</sup><sup>2</sup> � <sup>R</sup><sup>1</sup>

dards containing Na, K, Cl, and P are shown in Table 4.

q

Use of Gamma Radiation Techniques in Peaceful Applications

8 >><

>>:

Hassane Erramli<sup>1</sup> \* and Jaouad El Asri<sup>2</sup>

1 Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco

2 Nuclear Reactor and Nuclear Security, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco

\*Address all correspondence to: hassane@uca.ac.ma

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
