Preface

This book brings new research knowledge insights to the properties and behavior of gamma-rays. It encompasses a wide range of options, including gamma applications in nuclear physics, medical physics, industrial processes, environmental sciences, radiation biology, radiation chemistry, radiotherapy, agriculture and forestry, sterilization, and the food industry, as well as a review of both advantages and problems that are present in these applications. The book is primarily intended for scientific workers who have contacts with gamma-rays, such as staff working in nuclear power plants, manufacturing industries, civil engineers, medical equipment manufacturers, oncologists, radiation therapists, dental professionals, universities, and the military, as well as those who intend to enter the world of applications and problems of gamma-rays. Because of the global importance of gamma-rays, the content of this book will be interesting to a wider audience.

**II**

**Chapter 8 129**

**Chapter 9 139**

**Chapter 10 157** Gamma Radiation in the Vicinity of the Entrance to Linac Radiotherapy Room

**Chapter 11 175** The Secondary Photoelectron Effect: Gamma Ray Ionisation Enhancement in

Irradiation **199**

**Chapter 12 201**

**Chapter 13 215**

**Chapter 14 233**

Gamma Irradiation Causes Variation and Stability of Artemisinin Content in

*by Thongchai Koobkokkruad, Praderm Wanichananan, Chalermpol Kirdmanee* 

*by Nicholas Kamyshanchenko, Vladimir Krasil'nikov, Alexander Parkhomenko* 

Application of Radiation and Genetic Engineering Techniques to Improve

*by Seyed Mahyar Mirmajlessi, Hossein Ahari Mostafavi, Evelin Loit,* 

Study of Bio-Based Foams Prepared from PBAT/PLA Reinforced with Bio-Calcium Carbonate and Compatibilized with Gamma Radiation *by Elizabeth C.L. Cardoso, Duclerc F. Parra, Sandra R. Scagliusi, Ricardo M. Sales, Fernando Caviquioli and Ademar B. Lugão*

*by Kinga Polaczek-Grelik, Aneta Kawa-Iwanicka, Marek Rygielski* 

Biocontrol Agent Performance: A Short Review

Tissues from High Atomic Number Elements

Modeling Plastic Deformation in Irradiated Materials

Influence of Gamma Radiation on Gas-Filled Surge Arresters *by Luka Rubinjoni, Katarina Karadžić and Boris Lončar*

*Neda Najdabbasi and Marika Mänd*

*and Łukasz Michalecki*

**Section 4**

*and Victor Robuk*

*Artemisia annua* Plants

*and Wanchai De-Eknamkul*

*by Christopher Charles Busby*

**Dr. Basim A. Almayahi** Professor, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq

**1**

Section 1

Natural Radioactivity

Section 1
