*2.2.5 Hip disarticulation*

*Computer Architecture in Industrial, Biomechanical and Biomedical Engineering*

[8], as shown in **Figure 3**, discussed briefly in this section.

Similar to the upper limb, lower limb prosthesis design changes with the change in the level of amputation. There are five major levels of amputation at lower limb

The foot amputation may occur below the ankle at any part of the foot. In this type of amputation, the amputee only needs a robust esthetic prosthesis to help in

In transtibial amputation, the amputee loses limb between the ankle and knee. Most of the time, the residual muscle and bones may be used to drive the prosthesis

In knee disarticulation, the amputation occurs at the knee joint. In this type of amputation, the amputee loses muscles and bones below knee; however, the

Transfemoral amputation occurs between knee and hip. In this type of amputation, the amputee loses most of the leg muscles and bone. The prosthesis designed

for this amputation must include the movements of the knee and ankle.

**2.2 Lower limb prostheses**

*2.2.1 Foot amputation*

*2.2.2 Transtibial (below knee)*

*2.2.3 Knee disarticulation*

*2.2.4 Transfemoral (above knee)*

being used to increase the quality of amputee.

muscles responsible for the movements of the leg are intact.

walking.

**12**

**Figure 3.**

*Level of amputation for lower limb.*

In hip disarticulation, the complete leg has been amputated. The amputee may not be able to perform hip movements and may need a fully functional biomimetic leg prosthesis to recover from his/her disability.
