**11. Conclusion and future works**

We have proposed a fragile video watermarking based on the chaotic map. In order to increase security, the watermark is encrypted using XOR operation with a random image. The random image is generated by using Cross-Coupled Chaotic random Bit Generator (CCCBG). The encrypted watermark is embedded to every RGB component of each frame. In the extraction process, the encrypted watermark is extracted from the watermarked video and compared to the original watermark.

Some experiments have been done to test capability of the algorithm to detect tampering to the watermarked video. We have tried some common attacks to the watermarked video. The experiment results showed that the algorithm could detect tampering on the watermarked video. This algorithm has also capability to localize the area being tampered in the video frames.

The algorithm can only be used to the uncompressed videos. It can be developed for the compressed video format such as MPEG-4. Embedding of watermarks is performed in encoding and decoding must be operated in transform domain. Some transform methods such as Fourier Transform, DCT, or wavelet transform can be used.

**51**

**Author details**

Bandung, Indonesia

Rinaldi Munir\* and Harlili Harlili

provided the original work is properly cited.

School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung,

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

\*Address all correspondence to: rinaldi@informatika.org

*Application of Chaos-Based Fragile Watermarking to Authenticate Digital Video*

some video frames are removed, the internal watermarks also change.

This algorithm can also be developed so that it can detect the manipulation that removes one or more frames from the watermarked video. This can be done by using the internal watermarks that depend on the entire video content. Therefore, if

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93151*

*Application of Chaos-Based Fragile Watermarking to Authenticate Digital Video DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93151*

This algorithm can also be developed so that it can detect the manipulation that removes one or more frames from the watermarked video. This can be done by using the internal watermarks that depend on the entire video content. Therefore, if some video frames are removed, the internal watermarks also change.
