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## Meet the editor

Dr. Sandro Misciagna was born on March 15, 1969 in Italy. He received his degree in medicine in 1995 and in neurology in 1999 at the Catholic University in Rome. From 1993 to 1995 he attended a research laboratory involved in cerebellar functions in mice. From 1994 to 2003 he attended the Neuropsychological Department of the Catholic University involved in human cognitive and behavioral disorders, writing various publications and

book chapters. From 2001 to 2003 he was a teacher of clinical neuropsychology, clinical neurology, and cognitive rehabilitation mainly at the Catholic University. In 2003 he took a PhD in Neuroscience at the Catholic University discussing behavioral and cognitive profiles of patients with frontotemporal dementia. As a clinician he has worked in different neurological departments in Italian hospitals, Alzheimer's clinics, neuropsychiatric clinics, and neurological rehabilitative departments. From November 2016 he worked as a clinical neurologist in the Neurological Department and Stroke Unit of Belcolle Hospital in Viterbo. Recent interests include patients with epilepsy and epileptic seizure, neurophysiological studies, and antiepileptic pharmacological therapies.

Contents

**Section 1**

**Section 2**

and Its Principal Applications

*by Oleg Evgenevich Baksansky*

in Forming Prosocial Behaviour

for Body Dysmorphic Disorder

*and Mark Hansen Keffer*

Health Contexts

Depression Caused by Existential Crisis

*by Michael Lamport Commons, Mansi Jitendra Shah* 

Cognitive Psychology and Modern Education

*by Sandro Misciagna*

**Preface XI**

Theories of Cognitive Behavioral Psychology **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 9**

**Chapter 3 29**

Psychological Applications of CBT **43**

**Chapter 4 45**

**Chapter 5 65**

**Chapter 6 83**

Introductory Chapter: Definition of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

The Role of Self-Efficacy and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

*by Rosmawati Mohamad Rasit and Siti Zuhrah Che Ab Razab*

A Distorted Body Image: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

*by Norzihan Ayub, Patricia Joseph Kimong and Guan Teik Ee*

Using Matching "Smarts" and Interest to Successfully Address

Neurosciences and Emotional Self-Regulation Applied to Mental

*by Prisla Ücker Calvetti, Fernanda de Vargas and Gabriel Gauer*

### Contents


Preface

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a modern form of short-term psychotherapy based on the idea that the way an individual thinks and feels affects the way he or

The core premise of this treatment approach was pioneered by Albert Ellis, who in 1957 introduced the name "rational emotive therapy" to emphasize its focus on emotional outcomes. Successively, Aaron Beck in 1976 created "cognitive therapy,"

According to Beck's formulation, maladaptive cognitions, which consist of general beliefs or schemas about the self, the world, and the future, contribute to the maintenance of emotional distress and behavioral problems. According to this model, specific therapeutic strategies that change maladaptive cognitions lead to

behavioral factors constitute a fundamental component of this treatment approach. More recently, practitioners and scholars started to call it rational-emotive and "cognitive-behavior therapy" to emphasize its role in the CBT paradigm.

Since these early models, CBT has developed appropriate protocols to treat subjects of almost every age such as children, adolescents, adults, or the elderly and for

CBT provides useful tools that can be used to induce or facilitate belief revision such as cognitive restructuring or exposure/response prevention; these protocols have been applied both in groups and in individuals, even if the individual format is used

This treatment plan uses patient collaboration as a motivating factor to generate changes in behavior, beliefs, and habits that can be self-reinforced. In fact, CBT gets patients actively involved in their treatment so that they understand that the way to improve their lives is to adjust their thinking and their approach to everyday

The overall goal of this treatment is symptom reduction, improvement in

CBT protocols are effective in the treatment of a vast variety of mental disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorders, somatoform disorders (such as hypochondriasis and

In 1995, Ellis created the term "rational emotive behavior therapy" because

CBT integrates cognitive science and behavioral theories that are combined with clinical psychology and concludes that the way people perceive a situation

determines their reaction more than the actual reality of the situation.

which served as the basis for the development of CBT.

changed emotional distress and problematic behaviors.

individuals, families, and couples.

more frequently than the group format.

functioning, and remission of the disorder.

situations.

she behaves.
