**1. Introduction**

In its fifth assessment report [1], the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded, "Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. The atmosphere and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased." This warming of the climate is commonly referred to as the climate change.

Climate change is a change in the long-term weather conditions of a region and is often used to refer specifically to anthropogenic climate change (also known as global warming). Weather records from across Canada show that every year since 1998—that is 20 years ago now—has been warmer than the twentieth century average [2]. This means that a whole generation of Canadians has never experienced what most of modern history considered a "normal" Canadian climate.

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*Climate Change and Agriculture*

**References**

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Karachi; 1991-1993. p. 245

[2] GoUSA, Geodast Space Flight Center, Global Change Master Dictionary, The Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF) Data Products and Satellite Imagery, NASA, USA. 2005. Available from: https://gcmd.nasa.gov/records/01 global\_land\_cov\_facility-00.html or ftp://ftp.glcf.umiacs.umd.edu [Accessed: [12] Hasan M, Khan S. Climate

Macedonia. 2010. p. 42

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Pakistan. Islamabad: Population Census Organization, Statistical Division, Govt

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Agriculture Research Council; 1972. p. 70

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[3] Khan FK. A Geography of Pakistan. Environment, People Economy. Pakistan: Oxford University Press

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[6] Blair TA. Climatology: General and Regional. New York: Prentice-Hall, Inc.;

[7] Miller AA. Climatology. New York: Mehtewn London and E.P. Dulton and

[8] Oliver JE. Climatology: Selected Applications. Bungay, Suffolk: Richard

[9] Anwar MM. Geography Pakistan. Islamabad and Lahore: Book-World;

[10] Khan JA. The Climate of Pakistan. Karachi: Rahber Publishers; 1993. p. 79

[11] Moore WG. The Penguin Dictionary of geography. In: Definitions and Explanations of Terms Used in Geography. 6th ed. England: Penguin

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Climate change presents opportunities as well as risks for agricultural production world over and Canada is no exception to it. A warmer climate and a longer growing season could benefit many aspects of Canadian agriculture [3, 4] and provide new opportunities. However, the key here may lie in the manner in which producers adapt to the new climate and take advantage of them. Appropriate adaptations would allow agriculture to minimize the losses by reducing negative impacts and maximize profits through capitalizing on the benefits. Adoption of proper policies may also play a critical role in not only minimizing the losses from climate change but also providing proper incentives for adaptation to it, thereby becoming more resilient to climate change.
