*2.2.1 Overview of Longtan village*

Longtan ancient village is located in Tangquan Town, Taihu County, deep in the hinterland of Dabie Mountain in the southwestern Yunnan, bordering Qianshan County in the east, connected to Siqian Town in the south, connecting Zhuwan Village in the west and Yuexi in the north. Longtan Village has a long history and profound cultural heritage. The village form, pattern, and concentrated distribution of the Qing dynasty buildings have extremely high historical value, cultural relic value, and artistic value. There are ancient populations of Hu's Ancestral Hall and Longtan Village with a history of more than 600 years. The Longtanzhai Nature Mountain is rich in water resources, such as small bridges, flowing water, and ancient trees (**Figure 4**). The environment is excellent, and the Huizhou architecture is profound, reflecting the model of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and has a high academic value of cultural geography.

The Longtan ancient village buildings are located between the two mountains. The terrain is high and level, the mountains are beautiful, the streams are clear, and the air is fresh. The buildings in the ancient village are ancient and well preserved, which fully reflect the Huizhou style of the buildings and the southwest residential features and superb architectural craftsmanship. Since the establishment of Longtan ancient village has respected Confucian scholarship in education (paying special attention to Cheng Zhu's Neo Confucianism), the literary atmosphere is prosper, attaching importance to calligraphy and folk popular tune. Longtanzhai embodies its unique Huizhou cultural features from the geographical location and cultural phenomena of ancient villages, such as Huizhou merchant culture, social patriarchal culture, harmonious natural geomantic culture, and Confucian ethical culture of Cheng and Zhu Neo-Confucianism (**Figure 5**).
