*2.5.13 Urogenital infections and HIV*

Various urinary tract infections like yeast vaginitis, Bacterial vaginosis and frequent urinary tract infections are major problems faced by the patients. In premenopausal women normal microflora consist of lactobacilli that protect host from infections but various patho-physiologic causes can results infection due to unstable microflora. A very few studies that reports the importance of probiotics for urogenital health [76, 77]. The awesome practices have reported that *L. acidophilus* has positive effect in urogenital health. Promising studies showed evidence that probiotics are also important in preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in women [78]. The women suffering from human immunodeficiency virus infection, prevention of bacterial vaginosis is very important. Previous literature indicates that women that have improper balance of lactobacilli (vaginosis) are in a great risk of human immunodeficiency syndrome [79, 80]. Therefore an adequate level of lactobacilli and preventing bacterial vaginosis is a best method to reduce the risk of getting human immunodeficiency virus infection, gonorrhea and trichomoniasis. One of the recent study shown that a probiotic strain (Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14) specific for human vagina can give strong protection from virus that can reduce the transmission of sexual immunodeficiency virus infection. Still, further work is required to approve these results before the extensive use of probiotics for the treatment of these diseases can be suggested [81].
