**4.7** *Allium sativum*

 *A. sativum* (Amaryllidaceae) popularly called garlic is a bulbous plant, native to northern and eastern Iran and Central Asia [59], however, garlic can grow in the wild and in places where it has become naturalized. During World War I and II, garlic was used as an antiseptic to prevent gangrene [60]. Aside its reported nutritional value, garlic can demonstrate antimicrobial effect at temperature as high as 120°C. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of *A. sativum*  has shown anti-tuberculosis activity (MIC 0.05 and 0.1 mg/mL, respectively) against *M. tuberculosis*, H37Ra via the use of Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA) [61]. A study by Gupta et al. [62] also showed the inhibitory activity of *A. sativum* against multidrug resistant isolates DKU-156 and JAL-1236, as well as sensitive *M. tuberculosis* H37Ra with percentage inhibition of 72, 72 and 63%, respectively.
