**2.7** *Casearia sylvestris*

*C. sylvestris* var. lingua (Cambess.) Eichler, (Salicaceae) is an evergreen shrub or small tree with long, slender branches and a very dense globose crown. Usually

 4–6 m tall, but can grow up to 20 m high, with wide distribution throughout South America. It has been employed in traditional medicine for treating snake bites, wounds, inflammation, fevers, gastric ulcers and diarrhea [29]. The hexane extracts of *C. sylvestris* stem wood, stem bark, root bark, leaf and root wood as well as ethanol extract of the root bark, exhibited potent *in vitro* antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-resistance FcB1/Colombia *P. falciparum* strain with IC50 values of 0.9 ± 0.2, 1.0 ± 0.4, 1.2 ± 0.4, 1.3 ± 0.1, 2.3 ± 0.5 and 7.7 ± 1.1 μg/mL, respectively [30].
