**4.6** *Mycoplasma pneumoniae*

*Mycoplasma bovis* is one of the emerging causes of respiratory diseases and arthritis in cows and in dairy calves and fattening calves. Experimental infection usually leads to a lack of access to mild signs of respiratory disease, but malignant strains that cause severe lung disease have been identified in calves [5].


**7**

*Introductory Chapter: Bacterial Cattle Diseases - Economic Impact and Their Control*

3.If you have to buy cows or heifers, there is always the risk of buying the infection. This risk can be minimized through a detailed history, only the purchase of herds of few somatic cells, and by examining the herd from which the animals were purchased, or individuals who were quarantined before entering

4.Feeding milk waste is not recommended to calves where *Mycoplasma bovis* has

5.Although there are no commercial vaccines licensed in Europe for *Mycoplasma bovis*, APHA and other companies are licensed to produce a self-produced

The pathological mechanism includes environmental and management pressures and perhaps an initial viral infection followed by secondary bacterial infection in the lower respiratory tract. Stress results from environmental and husbandry factors, including inadequate ventilation, mixing with the addition of calves to a specific group, overcrowding, and feeding practices such as poor quality milk replacer. Failure of the negative transmission of mother immunity (maternal antibodies) is a

*Mycoplasma mycoides*, *Pasteurella multocida*, *Mannheimia haemolytica*, *and Mycoplasma bovis* are the most causes *of bacterial respiratory affections*. The risk and degree of pneumonia can be ameliorated by good managemental practices, adequate housing, and adequate ventilation, good breeding, and good nursing care. Control starts by immunization of mothers (vaccinating cows) against certain respiratory pathogens at 3–4 weeks before calving to produce good quality of the antibodies in colostrums. Newly born calves should receive good quality of colostrums of 8–10% body weights in the first 6 hours after parturition. Newborn calves should be individually placed in adequate houses and consumed whole milk or high-quality milk substitutes with a fiber content less than 0.25% for a period of 8–12 weeks of age.

• Long-acting antibiotics should be given upon arrival of animals after trans-

c. add medicaments in ration or drinking water that have limited value because

*Bovine brucellosis*, caused by *Brucella abortus* bacteria, is an economically important cause of abortion in cows. Abortion also affects other species, including bison, buffalo, and elk; some species are host maintenance for this organism. Infection in the wild animals can hinder efforts to eradicate the disease in bovine. In the same time, *B. abortus* transmitted to humans (zoonotic disease). In humans, brucellosis

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83635*

been diagnosed.

vaccine.

the main herd, by means of serum tests.

**5. Control of bacterial respiratory affections**

Prophylactic measures should be taken such as:

• Prophylaxis has been shown to significantly:

oral antibiotics are poorly absorbed in ruminants.

portation of cattle in the farms.

a. reduce morbidity;

b.improve gain; and

**5.1 Bovine brucellosis**

critical factor for the appearance and induction of the disease [7].

*Introductory Chapter: Bacterial Cattle Diseases - Economic Impact and Their Control DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83635*

