**4.5 Treatment**

Metronidazole, 2 g orally in a single dose or 500 mg orally twice a day for 7 days, is the treatment of choice for trichomoniasis. An estimated 2.5-10% of *T. vaginalis* infections show some degree of resistance to treatment; a resistance rate of 17.4% has been reported in Papua New Guinea. Treatment failures are higher in HIV-positive individuals. Recalcitrant cases may be treated with tinidazole at 2 g orally in a single dose. Consumption of alcohol should be avoided during treatment and for 24 hrs after completion of metronidazole therapy or 72 hours after completion of tinidazole therapy.
