**7. Conclusions**

Up to date, there are still large gaps in our knowledge of species prevalence rates in different regions of the world particularly in the African continent where very few studies are being conducted using molecular methods. In order to address this limitation, there is need to implement species-specific diagnosis of *E. histolytica*, *E. dispar* and *E. moshkovskii*, particularly in countries where these organisms are endemic. Based on the limited information available to date it appears that molecular and genomic studies are still needed combined to molecular epidemiology studies in order to advance our understanding of amoebiasis. The currently available genome sequence is very useful in better understanding the biology of the parasite, however, *E. histolytica* strains from Africa still need to have the genome sequenced. Comparative genomics will probably allow the understanding of the pathogenicity of some strains of *E. histolytica* compared to non-pathogenic strains as well as better understanding of *E. dispar* in relation to *E. histolytica*. Further collaborations between scientists from developed countries and those from developing countries is essential in answering questions on the epidemiology, pathogenesis and biochemistry of *E. histolytica* which is the causing agent of amoebiasis.
