*2.2.3 Choice of technical route by taking Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material*

As indicated by research findings [18], the cost of large-scale project of coal to natural gas, which takes Lurgi gasification by using anthracite as raw material, is higher than that of other types of coal, such as Datang and Qinghua projects. Under current international and domestic energy landscape, the project of anthracite coal to natural gas is basically not profitable.

Under current economic development background, technical route of Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material has the following choices:

1. Syngas obtained from Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material has advantages such as higher calorific value, better environment protection, and cheaper price than natural gas, so as to expand its application in industrial fuel gas fields, such as glass industry, ceramics industry, and nonferrous metal industry.

**67**

**Figure 1.**

*Discussion on the Feasibility of Industrial Fuel Gas Prepared by Lurgi Gasification Which Used…*

2. Syngas obtained from Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material has unique component characteristics, which should give full play and take product route of coal chemical products coupled with natural gas. Coal chemical route should take methane and ethylene glycol as products; natural gas should be sold as a highpriced non-civil product such as vehicle fuel and industrial gas in accordance with the national guidelines for the development of natural gas distributed energy.

**2.3 Techno-economic evaluation of fuel gas prepared by Lurgi gasification with** 

Through optimized design for anthracite, mainly on gasifier structure, cooling

The key factors affecting the gasification process are particle size, cohesion, mechanical strength, operating pressure, and temperature of the gasifier (**Table 3**,

Based on the average price of raw material in the past 3 years (shown in **Table 4**), the economics of industrial fuel gas, which was produced by Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material, is discussed (shown in **Table 5**). Production capacity of

The result shows that total production cost of crude syngas is 653.5 ¥/kNm3

Correspondingly, total production cost of refined syngas is 960.5 ¥/kNm3

is equivalent to 2.78 × 10–4 ¥/kcal. Simultaneously, the average price of domestic

Therefore, fuel gas produced by Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material

/h. In response to this, production capacity of refined

, and the equivalent cost is 3.06 × 10–4 ¥/kcal.

,

, which

process from chilling process to waste boiler process, and coal gas water treatment system, Lurgi gasification by using anthracite as raw material can exploit the advantage and enhance market competitiveness to the full. The flow chart is shown

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85876*

**anthracite as raw material**

the process date of Jinshi and Tianqing projects).

Nm3

shows certain advantages over natural gas in cost.

*Flow chart of Lurgi gasification by taking anthracite as raw material.*

 Nm3 /h.

which is equivalent to 2.56 × 10–4 ¥/kcal.

pipeline natural gas is 2.6 ¥/Nm3

*2.3.3 Techno-economic evaluation*

crude syngas is 10 × 104

syngas is 7.4 × 104

*2.3.1 Process flow*

in **Figure 1**.

*2.3.2 Process index*

*Discussion on the Feasibility of Industrial Fuel Gas Prepared by Lurgi Gasification Which Used… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85876*

2. Syngas obtained from Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material has unique component characteristics, which should give full play and take product route of coal chemical products coupled with natural gas. Coal chemical route should take methane and ethylene glycol as products; natural gas should be sold as a highpriced non-civil product such as vehicle fuel and industrial gas in accordance with the national guidelines for the development of natural gas distributed energy.

## **2.3 Techno-economic evaluation of fuel gas prepared by Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material**

#### *2.3.1 Process flow*

*Sustainable Alternative Syngas Fuel*

2.Because of low content of volatile, there are fewer refractory organic wastes such as tar and phenol in crude syngas than that of other types of coal. Some tar and phenol separation devices in traditional Lurgi gasification technology can be removed, and the investment can be reduced. There are almost no organic impurities such as tar and phenol detected in coal gas water of the outlet gasification section; the NH3-N and COD contents in waste water are 200 and 400 mg/L, respectively [17], which induced the easiness of waste

3.Because of high ash melting point, the process point of gasifier is higher than that of other types of coal. Although the oxygen consumption is slightly higher than that of low-rank coal, gasification efficiency can be greatly improved. The coal gas yield of anthracite is the highest; the effective gas (which is consisted by CO, H2, and CH4) content ranges from 73 to 75%; and the calorific value of

.

With the increase of gasification temperature, the ratio of steam to oxygen can be decreased greatly and coal gas water treatment capacity can be reduced. Simultaneously, the content of organic compounds in coal gas water will decrease

The above advantages make Lurgi gasifier with anthracite as raw material to show obvious competitiveness over that of other types of coal in environmental

1.Because of low volatile content, the content of CH4 in crude syngas is lower

2.Because of low volatile content, the by-products, such as tar, middle distillate, phenol, and naphtha, are lower than that of other types of coal, which lead to

The above disadvantages, to a certain extent, reduce the economy of Lurgi gasification device with anthracite as raw material. So, to get advantaged position in the fierce market competition, Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material needs to optimize the choice of technical route and identify its own position.

*2.2.3 Choice of technical route by taking Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw* 

As indicated by research findings [18], the cost of large-scale project of coal to natural gas, which takes Lurgi gasification by using anthracite as raw material, is higher than that of other types of coal, such as Datang and Qinghua projects. Under current international and domestic energy landscape, the project of anthracite coal

Under current economic development background, technical route of Lurgi

1. Syngas obtained from Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material has advantages such as higher calorific value, better environment protection, and cheaper price than natural gas, so as to expand its application in industrial fuel gas fields, such as glass industry, ceramics industry, and nonferrous metal industry.

gasification with anthracite as raw material has the following choices:

Certainly, compared with other types of coal, Lurgi gasification by using anthra-

water treatment and reduction of processing cost.

crude syngas is about 2500 kJ/Nm3

protection, water consumption, effluent disposal, etc.

cite as raw material has the following disadvantages:

and waste water will be easier to treat.

than that of other types of coal.

to natural gas is basically not profitable.

low economic benefits.

*material*

**66**

Through optimized design for anthracite, mainly on gasifier structure, cooling process from chilling process to waste boiler process, and coal gas water treatment system, Lurgi gasification by using anthracite as raw material can exploit the advantage and enhance market competitiveness to the full. The flow chart is shown in **Figure 1**.

### *2.3.2 Process index*

The key factors affecting the gasification process are particle size, cohesion, mechanical strength, operating pressure, and temperature of the gasifier (**Table 3**, the process date of Jinshi and Tianqing projects).

## *2.3.3 Techno-economic evaluation*

Based on the average price of raw material in the past 3 years (shown in **Table 4**), the economics of industrial fuel gas, which was produced by Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material, is discussed (shown in **Table 5**). Production capacity of crude syngas is 10 × 104 Nm3 /h. In response to this, production capacity of refined syngas is 7.4 × 104 Nm3 /h.

The result shows that total production cost of crude syngas is 653.5 ¥/kNm3 , which is equivalent to 2.56 × 10–4 ¥/kcal.

Correspondingly, total production cost of refined syngas is 960.5 ¥/kNm3 , which is equivalent to 2.78 × 10–4 ¥/kcal. Simultaneously, the average price of domestic pipeline natural gas is 2.6 ¥/Nm3 , and the equivalent cost is 3.06 × 10–4 ¥/kcal. Therefore, fuel gas produced by Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material shows certain advantages over natural gas in cost.

**Figure 1.** *Flow chart of Lurgi gasification by taking anthracite as raw material.*


#### **Table 3.**

*Process index of Lurgi gasification by taking anthracite as raw material.*


#### **Table 4.**

*Average price of raw material in the past 3 years.*

Furthermore, fuel gas produced by Lurgi gasification with anthracite as raw material has incomparable advantages over natural gas in terms of stable supply and environment friendliness (hydrogen sulfide content is less than 1 mg/Nm3 ), which fully correspond to the future development direction of industrial fuel gas industry.
