**5.2 Smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration**

Smooth muscle cells, an important component of the muscularis media, possess important surface receptors such as CD4, CCR5 and CXCR4 [5]. These receptors mediate the entry of HIV virus into the cell resulting in invasion and disruption of tunica media, and activation of tissue factor 2 with resultant stimulation of procoagulant pathways.
