**4.5 Hyaluronic acid**

Black triangles or insufficient interdental papillae are considered a serious esthetic problem especially in patients with high lip line [62, 63].

Hyaluronic acid is an important component of the extracellular matrix, which has great role in maintaining the health of the oral tissues and healing and repair process. The mechanism of its action depends mainly on stimulating the cellular proliferation, migration, and vasculature and restoring the integrity of epidermal and dermal layer. It is also effective in stimulating collagen formation through enhancing the proliferation of fibroblasts. In dentistry, it is recently used

**77**

**4.9 Simvastatin**

*Oral Mesotherapy: Might Be Considered as An Adjunctive Technique for the Different Surgical…*

to accelerate the healing of oral ulcers [64], extraction socket [65], and gingival inflammation [66] either through injection or topical application. It was also used in reconstruction of the interdental papilla as a minimally invasive technique instead

Parathyroid hormone is one of the essential hormones that affect the bone metabolism. It was found that its local injection provides acceleration of the orthodontic tooth movement 1.6 times faster than the normal movement range. A daily local injection of parathyroid hormone (PTH) was also used to induce local bone resorption by reducing the concentration of the gel medium using saline [69, 70].

Relaxin is a specialized hormone which was detected in the periodontal ligament providing proper remodeling of the soft tissue rather than the alveolar bone surrounding teeth. It provides the needed balance of the collagen content in the pressure and tension sites especially during application of forces as orthodontic treatment. It was found that the local injection of relaxin could provide an accelerated tooth movement by reducing the organization of the related periodontal ligaments and increasing the tooth mobility. A weekly injection of 50 μg of relaxin hormone was also found to accelerate tooth movement via soft tissue remodeling, rather than bone, through increasing the collagen at the tension side over its amount in the compression side. It also decreases the organization of the periodontal liga-

Prostaglandin is one of the most important inflammatory mediators that is usually secreted during the inflammatory process. It is also considered as a paracrine hormone which affects mainly bone resorption level around the teeth by affecting the osteoclastic activity. It was found that its local application provides 1.6-fold of accelerated tooth movement than the normal range. Formerly, exogenous single or

Simvastatin is a chemical agent that is usually used to reduce the serum cholesterol level. It was found that it has a positive, stimulatory effect to the bone by stimulation

ments surrounding the tooth causing extra mobility [70–72].

multiple prostaglandin injections were used [70, 73, 74].

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88355*

of the conventional surgical intervention [67, 68].

*Submucosal injection of PRP during orthodontic treatment [61].*

**4.6 Parathyroid hormone injection**

**Figure 8.**

**4.7 Relaxin hormone injection**

**4.8 Prostaglandin injection**

*Oral Mesotherapy: Might Be Considered as An Adjunctive Technique for the Different Surgical… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88355*

**Figure 8.** *Submucosal injection of PRP during orthodontic treatment [61].*

to accelerate the healing of oral ulcers [64], extraction socket [65], and gingival inflammation [66] either through injection or topical application. It was also used in reconstruction of the interdental papilla as a minimally invasive technique instead of the conventional surgical intervention [67, 68].
