**7.3 Pupa**

The maggots turned orangish yellow before pupation. Pupation occurred in the top superficial layer of soil in a thin white case. The pupal period lasted for 7–8 days. The average pupal period was 7.5, 7.3, 7.2, and 7.0 days in *J. sambac, J. auriculatum*, *J. grandiflorum,* and *J. nitidum,* respectively.

**141**

(**Figure 8**).

**7.4 Adult**

**Figure 8.**

*species.*

**7.5 Total life span**

*Bioecology of Blossom Midge of Jasmine,* Contarinia maculipennis *Felt...*

*Life stages of blossom midge,* Contarinia maculipennis, *on four* Jasminum *species.*

**Duration of different life stages of** *C. maculipennis* **in four** *Jasminum* **species, mean ± SD (in days)** *J. sambac J. auriculatum J. grandiflorum J. nitidum*

Egg period 1.30 ± 0.483 1.20 ± 0.421 1.10 ± 0.31 1.10 ± 0.31 Larval period 4.40 ± 0.737 4.10 ± 0.42 4.10 ± 0.32 3.90 ± 0.32 Pupal period 7.50 ± 0.674 7.30 ± 0.52 7.20 ± 0.42 7.00 ± 0.00 Adult period 2.03 ± 0.874 1.90 ± 0.88 1.80 ± 0.79 1.90 ± 0.57 Total life cycle 15.20 ± 14.24 14.3 ± 1.004 13.3 ± 1.441 13.40 ± 1.07

The adults were minute and delicate flies. The females had a black head and yellowish brown body and were characterized by a distinct long ovipositor. The males were brownish and shorter than females. The moniliform antennal segments adorned with hairs in whorls were short and cylindrical in males and long and spherical in females. The adults usually lived for 1–2 days and for 3 days in rare cases. In an average, the adult period was observed to be 2.0, 1.9, 1.8, and 1.9 days in

*Radar representation of biology of blossom midge,* Contarinia maculipennis *Felt in different* Jasminum

The total duration taken to complete egg to adult stage was 15.4, 14.3, 13.3, and 13.4 days in *J. sambac, J. auriculatum*, *J. grandiflorum,* and *J. nitidum,* respectively

*J. sambac, J. auriculatum*, *J. grandiflorum,* and *J. nitidum,* respectively.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92410*

**Life stages of midge**

**Table 1.**

*Bioecology of Blossom Midge of Jasmine,* Contarinia maculipennis *Felt... DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92410*


**Table 1.**

*Life Cycle and Development of Diptera*

**140**

**7.3 Pupa**

**Figure 7.**

4.1, and 3.9 days, respectively.

*grandiflorum,* and *J. nitidum,* respectively.

*Biology of blossom midge,* Contarinia maculipennis.

The maggots on eclosion were dull white in color and turned yellow as the development progressed. The maggots scraped the petals, stamen, and stigma and suck sap from the flower buds. The larval period lasted for 4–5 days. The average larval period observed in *J. sambac, J. auriculatum*, *J. grandiflorum,* and *J. nitidum* was 4.4, 4.2,

The maggots turned orangish yellow before pupation. Pupation occurred in the top superficial layer of soil in a thin white case. The pupal period lasted for 7–8 days. The average pupal period was 7.5, 7.3, 7.2, and 7.0 days in *J. sambac, J. auriculatum*, *J.* 

*Life stages of blossom midge,* Contarinia maculipennis, *on four* Jasminum *species.*

#### **Figure 8.**

*Radar representation of biology of blossom midge,* Contarinia maculipennis *Felt in different* Jasminum *species.*
