**5. Conclusion**

While all mosquitoes need standing water to reproduce, some of the other species have evolved so specifically that they will only lay their eggs in natural or artificial containers. The larvae of most mosquito species hang suspended from the water surface because they need air to breath. An air tube, called a siphon, extends from the larva's posterior to the water surface. Pupae are also physically active and employ a rolling or tumbling action to escape to deeper water, which is why they are commonly referred to as "tumblers." The pupal stage lasts from 1.5 to 4 days, after which the pupa's skin splits along the back allowing the newly formed adult to slowly emerge and rest on the surface of the water. The present study shows that the chromosomes karyotyping of C. *quinquefasciatus* species consists of three pairs of chromosomes (i.e., 2n = 6). Certainly much of this information is of a descriptive sort and easy to obtain by present techniques. Life cycle and karyotype studies in additional species can be simply done and should be carried out in a standardized way.

*Life Cycle and Development of Diptera*
