**2.6 Biological aspects of** *A. aegypti* **from Manaus, Amazonas, in insectaries kept in environmental rooms that present simulated conditions of climate forecast by the IPCC**

After stabilization of insectaries in environmental rooms 1 (ambient temperature), 2 (mild temperature) and 4 (extreme temperature), 125 eggs from each room were counted with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope. These eggs were separated into 5 groups (replicates) of 25 eggs, kept in pots with capacity of 750 mL, containing 300 mL of distilled water and 0.055 g of larval food added every 3 days.

The hatching rate was monitored daily for 19 days under these conditions. The average time of the biological cycle, number of adults (males and females) and larval mortality rate were verified. Exuvia and dead immatures were removed from the pots and the volume of distilled water was replaced.

### **2.7 Statistical analysis**

Data on the hatching rate of eggs, number of adults (males and females) and mortality rate of immature *A. aegypti* from Londrina, Paraná, were expressed as a percentage. The number of emerged adults was subjected to a Kruskal-Wallis test, at the level of 5% significance, in order to verify differences between the data in the temperatures analyzed, using the BioEstat® 5.3 program for Windows [26].

The results on the number of adults (males and females) and the larval mortality rate of *A. aegypti* from Manaus, Amazonas, were also analyzed by means of percentage. On the other hand, the data regarding the average time of the biological cycle of mosquitoes kept in the different environmental rooms, were analyzed using averages, standard deviation and standard error. At first, these data underwent a Lilliefors normality test (K samples) to find out whether they have a normal distribution or not, and subsequently subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test (p ≤ 0.05), with the aid of the statistical program SPSS® 14.0 packpage for Windows® (SPSS Inc. 2005 Headquarters, Chicago, Illinois, USA).

**125**

**Figure 1.**

*Post-Embryonic Development of* Aedes *(*Stegomyia*)* aegypti *Linnaeus, 1762 at Different…*

**3.1 Viability of eggs and total adults of** *A. aegypti* **from Londrina, Paraná, in** 

The highest hatching rates of eggs were obtained at temperatures of 5 and 25 ± 2°C, respectively, where 48% for both was verified, followed by ambient temperature with 36% and at 0 ± 2°C presenting 7%. On the other hand, there was

The adults obtained in the proportion of males and females are shown in

At 0 ± 2°C, seven of nine immatures reached adulthood, which indicates a mortality of 22.2% of the larvae at this temperature. Considering the 60 immatures obtained at a temperature of 5 ± 2°C, 56 reached the adult stage indicating a larval mortality of 6.6%, while at a temperature of 25 ± 2°C only 50 immatures among 60 reached the adult stage, indicating a larval mortality of 16.6%. At ambient temperature, it was observed that of 45 immatures obtained, 44 reached adulthood, representing a larval mortality of only 2.2%. On the other hand, there was no adult

There is no statistical difference between hatching rates at 0, 5, 25 and ambient temperatures (**Table 1**), while at 0°C there is difference in relation to the hatching

Of the total 625 eggs incubated at different temperatures, 157 eggs reached adulthood, and of these, 98 were males and 59 females, making up a male:female ratio of 1.66:1. The proportion of emerged adults was 5.6% at 0°C, 44.8% at 5°C,

**3.2 Average biological cycle time and total adults of** *A. aegypti* **from Manaus, Amazonas, in environmental rooms that simulate the climatic conditions** 

*Egg hatch percentage of* A. aegypti *from Londrina, Paraná, in incubator chambers (BOD) with different* 

*temperatures with ±2°C limits and ambient temperature (16.7–24.1°C), observed for 10 days.*

The averages of climatic variations during the experiment in °C, increase in ppm of CO2 and percentage (%) of humidity for the different environmental rooms are

40% at 25°C and 35.2% at room temperature (**Table 1**).

**incubator chambers (BOD) with different temperatures**

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93100*

no hatching of eggs at 45 ± 2°C (**Figure 1**).

**3. Results**

**Table 1**.

emergency at 45 ± 2°C.

rate at other temperatures.

**provided by the IPCC**

represented in **Table 2**.

*Post-Embryonic Development of* Aedes *(*Stegomyia*)* aegypti *Linnaeus, 1762 at Different… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93100*
