Meet the editor

Dr. Muhammad Sarwar, Principal Scientist, is in his thirtieth year of service with the Department of Agriculture, Government of Punjab. He is also currently working for the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission. He completed his post doctorate in 2008, funded by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan from the Institute of Plant Protection in the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China. He has several hun-

dred published papers to his credit and is recipient of the Shield award, letters of appreciation, and certificates of performance from faculty members of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China. In 2010, the Zoological Society of Pakistan presented him with the Prof. Dr. Mirza Azhar Beg Gold Medal. In 2011, the Pakistan Council for Science and Technology awarded him a Research Productivity Award. His research activities focus on integrated pest management for rice, cotton, chickpea, and *Brassica* crops; predatory mites, ladybird beetles, *Chrysoperla*, *Trichogramma*, and parasitoids of fruit flies culturing as bio-control agents; integrated management of fruit flies and mosquitos; and other arthropod pest control methodologies. He has also researched vertebrate pest control, especially controls of rodents in field crops and storage. He was the first to explore thirty-six new species of stored grain mites belonging to eight genera, including *Forcellinia*, *Lackerbaueria*, *Acotyledon*, *Caloglyphus*, and *Troupeauia* in the Acaridae family; and *Capronomoia*, *Histiostoma*, and *Glyphanoetus* in the Histiostomatidae family. He also planned and designed research trials on the integrated management of cotton leaf curl virus (CLCV), pest scouting, pest monitoring, and forecasting. He conducted training of progressive farmers and field staff, and provided advisory services to the farmers regarding plant protection practices. He also trained pesticide dealers on the proper handling, distribution, and storing of pesticides. Under a coordinated research program, Dr. Sarwar collaborated with other institutes to trace resistance sources for cotton, rice, gram, rapeseed, mustard plants, and stored cereals and pulses. He has supervised post-graduate research and is an external examiner for post-graduate studies. He has also organized various workshops, served as a reviewer for scientific journals, and is a member of various working committees. He is responsible for opening up a new avenue on rearing of predatory mites as bio-control agents of insects and mites pests in greenhouse and field crops. Dr. Sarwar is an approved supervisor with the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. He completed a course in Basic Management organized by the Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Islamabad, in 2011. He has also completed trainings in Beijing, Bangkok, Havana, and Vienna. His is a lifetime member of the Zoological Society of Pakistan.

Contents

*by Muhammad Sarwar*

*and Sonia Kleindorfer*

*by Sahar Abd*

Avian Parasite on the Galápagos Islands

*Chaiane Regina Rech, Alexeia Barufatti,* 

*and Valéria Cristina Soares Pinheiro*

*and João Antonio Cyrino Zequi*

*and Eduardo José de Arruda*

Maranhão, Brazil

**Preface XI**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 51**

**Chapter 3 73**

**Chapter 4 87**

**Chapter 5 109**

**Chapter 6 121**

Typical Flies: Natural History, Lifestyle and Diversity of Diptera

Taxonomic Shifts in *Philornis* Larval Behaviour and Rapid Changes in *Philornis downsi* Dodge & Aitken (Diptera: Muscidae): An Invasive

*by Lauren K. Common, Rachael Y. Dudaniec, Diane Colombelli-Négrel* 

Life Cycle and Cytogenetic Study of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae)

The Yellow Fever Mosquito *Aedes aegypti* (Linnaeus): The Breeding Sites

*by Aylane Tamara dos Santos Andrade, Juliana Maria Trindade Bezerra* 

Post-Embryonic Development of *Aedes* (*Stegomyia*) *aegypti* Linnaeus, 1762 at Different Temperatures and CO2 Concentrations, and Their Influences on Hatching and Development of Stabilized Population

*by Márcia Ramos Jorge, Antonio Pancrácio de Souza, Ricardo Augusto dos Passos, Silvia Maria Martelli,* 

*Bruno do Amaral Crispim, Helina dos Santos Nascimento* 

Characterization of the Proliferation Sites of *Aedes aegypti* (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Artificial Breeding Sites of Caxias,

*by Ediane Oliveira do Amaral, André Felipe da Silva, William Ribeiro da Silva, Karina Rossi da Silva, Rosemary Aparecida Roque, Wanderli Pedro Tadei* 
