**Author details**

*Life Cycle and Development of Diptera*

frogs, toads and tadpoles (Anura) [73].

**3. Conclusions**

and zika.

able packaging, among others.

**Acknowledgements**

a reproductive advantage to these species.

*Ae. aegypti* population and reproduction control.

despite the apparent risks to reproduction, is an important fact. This posture behavior demonstrates the adaptability of the insect to the different environmental situations, even though they appear to represent unfavorable conditions [61, 62]. Additionally, breeding sites of principal dengue virus spreader *Ae. aegypti* [67] and secondary vector *Ae. albopictus* [68] or both [69] can be stopped through biological control [70]; with environmental modifications [71]; utilizing copepods (H. Milne-Edwards) (Copepoda: Cyclopidae) [72]; and using ecological services by

Studies aimed the understanding of the life cycle and development of Culicidae mosquitoes and their association with breeding sites are extremely important, since the main control actions are performed in these microhabitats. Although many researchers have devoted themselves to this topic, elucidating the main factors associated with the development of immature forms and seeking new control alternatives, what we have observed is that these insects can colonize new microhabitats, expanding to new areas and reaching high levels of infestation, resulting in outbreaks and epidemics of some arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya

The main factor contributing to this fact is the high adaptive power that these insects have in colonizing new breeding sites, the natural ones, but especially the artificial ones, located in urban environments, which are increasingly available due to the lack of investment in the improvement of sanitary conditions in cities, disorderly expansion of urban centers, increase of consumable products in dispos-

The available studies on the type, frequency and colonization of *Aedes* spp. breeding sites show that artificial breeding sites are preferred, and can be colonized by *Aedes* and other associated species. Natural breeding sites in plants, rocks and organic remains can be colonized for long periods, preferably by *Ae. albopictus* and occasionally by *Ae. aegypti*. These preferences can be reversed based on climatic influences, food availability, and the breeding water physicochemical and biological conditions. The breeding sites most suitable for *Aedes* spp. reproduction have a considerable amount of decomposing organic matter and conditions that guarantee

Mosquito population control is dependent on adherence and awareness of populations and knowledge of breeding conditions. Population control interventions with new products with potentially wide use or efficient strategies that are based on habits and ecological knowledge of breeding sites can be advantageous for

Acknowledgments are due to CNPq (477012/2013-2\307390/2016-0) and

FUNDECT (35308.522.6490.25062016) for the financial supports.

**100**

Márcia Ramos Jorge1 , Antonio Pancrácio de Souza2 , Ricardo Augusto dos Passos3,4, Silvia Maria Martelli<sup>5</sup> , Chaiane Regina Rech1 , Alexeia Barufatti6 , Bruno do Amaral Crispim6 , Helina dos Santos Nascimento6 and Eduardo José de Arruda1 \*

1 Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil

2 Institute of Biosciences – InBio, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil

3 Postgraduate Program in Entomology and Biodiversity Conservation, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados UFGD, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

4 Laboratory of Physiology and Control of Arthropod Vectors – Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

5 Faculty of Engineering, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil

6 Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil

\*Address all correspondence to: ejarruda@gmail.com

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
