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Utilization of Digital Twins and Other Numerical Relatives for Efficient Monte Carlo Simulation in Structural Analysis by Bernt Johan Leira, Arifian Agusta and Sebastian Thöns

Preface

The Monte Carlo method is a numerical technique to model the probability of all possible outcomes in a process that cannot easily be predicted due to the interference of random variables. It is a technique used to understand the impact of uncertainty, ambiguity, and risk in forecasting models. This technique, also known as the Stochastic Simulation Technique, is now an established method used routinely in a wide variety of disciplines such as industry, nuclear engineering, medi-

cine, economics, and risk analysis. However, this technique is not without complications, one of which is the amount of computer time required to achieve sufficient precision in the simulations and evaluate their accuracy. This book is organized into three sections and presents the general principles of the Monte Carlo method with an emphasis on techniques to decrease simulation time and increase

Section 1 discusses the major fields of application of the Monte Carlo method in medicine. It covers a variety of topics, including medical physics, dosimetry, radia-

tion protection, diagnostic radiology, radiotherapy, and nuclear medicine.

materials and has become a vital tool in the field.

tation time for even larger and more complex models.

method in each section is illustrated in several examples.

Section 2 introduces the theory and application of the Monte Carlo method in material science. This method is now widely applied in the design of complex

Section 3 provides practical information needed to support simulation and analysis of structures by numerical models and introduces techniques to reduce the compu-

Each section is subdivided into chapters and the implementation of the Monte Carlo

Chapter 1 introduces sampling techniques for a standard Monte Carlo method that could enable fast simulation of signals from optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging systems. The chapter presents a standard Monte Carlo method for simulating OCT signals and sampling implementations that reduce computational time.

Chapter 2 discusses the calculation of the dosimetric parameters of encapsulated radioactive materials. In this chapter, Monte Carlo simulations are performed to determine the dosimetric parameters of the Palladium-103 brachytherapy seed. It also investigates the dose distributions along the central axis of COMS eye plaques loaded with the seeds. The chapter also examines the effects of plaque backing and

Chapter 3 reviews the physics of small radiation fields, cavity theory, and the methodology of small field dosimetry. Different types of commercial dosimeters used in small field dosimetry are introduced and the importance of accurate small field dosimetry is discussed. This chapter also focuses on the application and importance of Monte Carlo techniques used in the field and presents recommenda-

polymeric insert on dose distribution at critical ocular structures.

tions of the Code of Practice for dosimetry of small radiation fields.

accuracy.
