*2.2.2.1.1.5 Nitrate detection methods*

NO3ˉ ions can be detected through laboratory-based methods or in situ sensorbased methods. In general, they are two techniques for NO3ˉdetection, direct and indirect methods. While comparing the two methods, the major disadvantage of using a direct method is measurement errors due to interference from other contaminants [38, 42, 43]. Many methods are currently available to the laboratory technicians for the detection and analysis of NO3ˉ in a variety of sample matrices. The most commonly used techniques are (i) spectroscopic detection, (ii) electrochemical detection, and (iii) chromatography detection.
