**4. Conclusion**

Based on the thermodynamic parameters obtained at different temperatures and concentrations of brushite (nDCPD), used as an adsorbent material in the removal of different heavy metals (Ni, Co, and Cu), from aqueous solutions, it can be concluded that the adsorption of heavy metals with nDCPD is feasible and that the adsorption capacity of nDCPD increases at a higher temperature. The percentages of removal achieved show that nDCPD has a higher affinity for adsorbing Cu and Co compared to Ni. From the data obtained from the adsorption isotherms, it can be inferred that the process of removing the metal ions in solution on the surface of nDCPD is carried out, forming a heterogeneous monolayer since the model that best fits to the data obtained in the SIPS is a combination of the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The experimental data obtained also show that there are different models to describe the kinetic process of adsorption, such as the pseudo-firstorder model, which suggests that only one surface site is needed for adsorption to take place, as well as the pseudo-second-order model which indicates that two sites are needed for each ion molecule and that each site requires different adsorption

**107**

**Author details**

Rosa Hernández-Soto1

Medellín, Colombia

Guanajuato, Mexico

Mercedes Salazar-Hernández3

\*, José A. Hernández1

2 Grupo de Investigación en Química Básica y Aplicada a Procesos Bioquímicos, Biotecnológicos y Ambientales, Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid,

3 Departamento de Ingeniería en Minas, Metalurgia y Geología, División de

4 Departments of Materials Science, Chemistry, Environmental Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences, UPIIG - Instituto Politécnico Nacional Unidad Profesional

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

Interdisciplinaria De Ingeniería Campus Guanajuato, Silao de la Victoria,

1 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, UPIIG, Guanajuato, Mexico

Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico

\*Address all correspondence to: rosyhdezs@yahoo.com

provided the original work is properly cited.

, Alba N. Ardila-Arias2

and María del Carmen Salazar-Hernandeza4

,

*The Use of Industrial Waste for the Bioremediation of Water Used in Industrial Processes*

energies as described by the Elovich model, which confirms the heterogeneity of the nDCPD surface determined from of the adsorption isotherms generated. The surface changes of nDCPD, evidenced by the XRD and FTIR analyses, suggest that

which allows us to conclude that nDCPD is an appropriate candidate to be used in the removal of heavy metals present in wastewater from different industries.

The authors thank the Interdisciplinary Professional Unit of Engineering Campus Guanajuato of the IPN, the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CNyN) of the UNAM, and the Colombian Polytechnic "Jaime Isaza Cadavid" for the infrastructure provided for the realization of this project and the Research and Postgraduate Secretary for the financial support for this work (SIP: 20170577) and

4 are directly involved in the Ni, Co, and Cu adsorption process,

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86803*

the HPO<sup>−</sup> and PO3<sup>−</sup>

**Acknowledgements**

to the BIOCATEM Network.

*The Use of Industrial Waste for the Bioremediation of Water Used in Industrial Processes DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86803*

energies as described by the Elovich model, which confirms the heterogeneity of the nDCPD surface determined from of the adsorption isotherms generated. The surface changes of nDCPD, evidenced by the XRD and FTIR analyses, suggest that the HPO<sup>−</sup> and PO3<sup>−</sup> 4 are directly involved in the Ni, Co, and Cu adsorption process, which allows us to conclude that nDCPD is an appropriate candidate to be used in the removal of heavy metals present in wastewater from different industries.
