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Appendix

Water Chemistry

The experimental work analysis of a solar still have been approved out from 6 to 6 am of 24 hours duration the collective evaporative, convective and radiative heat transfer coefficient with water flowing over the glass cover by absorbing materials deliverable during 2017 at Research Center of Physics, Veltech Multitech Engineer-

h<sup>4</sup> ¼ 0:016 � h<sup>2</sup> � Pfw � γPa

Pfw ¼ R1Tfw þ R<sup>2</sup> γPa ¼ R1Ta þ R<sup>2</sup>

� � (19)

=3

=3

> =3

h<sup>1</sup> ¼ hcwg þ hewg þ hrwg (20)

� �ð Þ TFw <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> 268900 � PFw

h<sup>2</sup> ¼ hcwa þ hrwa (21)

ð Þ PFw � Pa ð Þ TFw þ 273 268900 � PFw

h<sup>3</sup> ¼ hcbw þ hrbw (22)

h<sup>4</sup> ¼ hcgw þ hrgw (23)

=3

� � Tg <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> � � 268900 � Pg

� � TbþPCMþNanoparticles <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> � � 268900 � Pb

� �<sup>1</sup>

PbþPCMþNanoparticles � Pw

Pg � Pw

� �<sup>1</sup>

� �<sup>1</sup>

εσ TbþPCMþNanoparticles <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> � �<sup>4</sup> � ð Þ Tw <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> <sup>4</sup> h i

TbþPCMþNanoparticles � Tw � �

εσ Tg <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> � �<sup>4</sup> � ð Þ Tw <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> <sup>4</sup> h i

Tg � Tw � �

� � <sup>þ</sup>

PFw � Pg TFw � Tg � �

PFw � Pg

� �<sup>1</sup>

εσ ð Þ TFw <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> <sup>4</sup> � Tg <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> � �<sup>4</sup> h i

TFw � Tg � �

εσ ð Þ TFw <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> <sup>4</sup> � ð Þ Ta <sup>þ</sup> <sup>273</sup> <sup>4</sup> h i ð Þ TFw � Ta

mfw ¼ blw

where lw is the thickness of flowing water over the glass cover

ing College, Avadi, Chennai—600062 [Latitude 13.1067°N, 80.0970°E],

� � <sup>þ</sup>

hewg ¼ 0:016273 � hcwg

Tamilnadu, India to the atmosphere can be written as

hcwg ¼ 0:884 � TFw � Tg

hrwg ¼

hcwa ¼ 0:884 � ð Þþ TFw � Ta

hrwa ¼

� � <sup>þ</sup>

hcgw ¼ 0:884 � Tg � Tw

hrgw ¼

hcbw ¼ 0:884 � TbþPCMþNanoparticles � Tw

hrbw ¼

234

hca ¼ 5:7 þ 3:8 V

S. Shanmugan Research Center of Physics, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF—KLU), Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India

\*Address all correspondence to: s.shanmugam1982@gmail.com

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