Meet the editor

Guy Joseph Lemamy, PhD, is currently a professor in the Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology-Genetics, and Director of the Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biopathologies, at the Faculty of Medicine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon. He was a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Gabon Scientific Research Guiding Plan. Dr. Lemamy obtained his PhD in Biochemistry and Cell Biology at the Facul-

ty of Medicine, Université Montpellier 1, France. His PhD thesis concerned tumor markers in breast cancer, led by the Medical Research Institute (INSERM U148) in Montpellier, France. Dr. Lemamy is editor of world-class books in the field of cancer research and author of many book chapters and journal articles on tumor markers.

Contents

**Section 1**

in Multiple Human Cancers

*by Guang-Jer Wu*

*by Amal Qattan*

**Section 3**

Protein p53

**Section 2**

**Preface III**

Studies of Potential Tumor Suppressor Genes **1**

**Chapter 1 3** N-Myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 2 (NDRG2) as a Novel Tumor Suppressor

**Chapter 2 19**

Genes with Dual Tumor Suppressor and Oncogenic Activities **43**

**Chapter 3 45**

**Chapter 4 63**

Tumor Suppressor Proteins in Cell Signalling Pathways **85**

**Chapter 5 87**

*by Jian Zhang, Xia Li, Liangliang Shen, Yan Li and Libo Yao*

METCAM/MUC18: A Novel Tumor Suppressor for Some Cancers

Tumour Suppressor Genes with Oncogenic Roles in Lung Cancer *by Mateus Camargo Barros-Filho, Florian Guisier, Leigha D. Rock,* 

Duplicitous Dispositions of Micro-RNAs (miRs) in Breast Cancer

Regulation of HDACi−Triggered Autophagy by the Tumor Suppressor

*by Maria Mrakovcic and Leopold F. Fröhlich*

*Daiana D. Becker-Santos, Adam P. Sage, Erin A. Marshall and Wan L. Lam*

## Contents


Preface

Cancer is a malignant tumor caused by DNA damage, which leads to uncontrolled cell growth. Tumor progression is locally favored by the mitogenic effects of hormones or growth factors, which stimulate the tumor's growth, or the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which induces angiogenesis and leads to metastasis. About 300 out of 25,000 genes that set up the human genome are involved in cancer pathology. These genes are divided into three groups: oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA repair genes. Activated oncogenes promote the development of cancer, whereas the tumor suppressor and DNA repair genes have a protective role by respectively inhibiting cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis, or by repairing DNA damage occurring during the cell cycle.

The purpose of this book is to discuss the topics of tumor suppressor genes and add to knowledge of the understanding of cancer using advanced biochemistry, cell, and molecular biology tools. Tumor suppressor genes can be used as targets of preventive therapy, markers of risk that can be used to identify populations at high risk, or markers of a drug's toxicity used in prevention, which can help to monitor

Section I: Studies of Potential Tumor Suppressor Genes (Chapter 1: N-Myc

Downstream-Regulated Gene 2 (NDRG2) as a Novel Tumor Suppressor in Multiple Human Cancers; Chapter 2: METCAM/MUC18: A Novel Tumor Suppressor for

Section II: Genes with Dual Suppressor and Oncogenic Activities (Chapter 3: Tumor Suppressor Genes with Oncogenic Roles in Lung Cancer; Chapter 4: Duplicitous

Section III: Tumor Suppressor Proteins in Cell Signaling Pathways (Chapter 5: Regulation of HDACi-triggered Autophagy by the Tumor Suppressor Protein p53).

requires further investigation to confirm its tumor suppressor function.

The first chapter discusses the role of the N-myc Downregulated Gene 2 (NDRG2) as a tumor suppressor gene in multiple cancers. *In vitro* and *in vivo* studies report cancer cell inhibition, metastasis cell differentiation, and cell cycle arrest mediated by NDRG2. The authors suggest that NDRG2 might be considered as a potential target for cancer therapeutics and treatment. However, the detailed mechanism

The role of METCAM/MUC18 as a possible tumor suppressor gene is reported in Chapter 2. METCAM/MUC18 is a cell adhesion molecule (CAM) that belongs to the Ig-like gene superfamily and is located in the human 11q23-3 chromosome. Multiple studies have shown evidence that METCAM/MUC18 might play a tumor suppressor role in many cancers, including mouse melanoma and human nasopharyngeal, ovarian, prostate, colorectal, hemangioma, and pancreatic cancers. Moreover, in some cancers such as nasopharyngeal cancers, METCAM/MUC18 plays a dual

The book is divided in three sections and five chapters.

Disposition of Micro-RNAs (miRs) in Breast Cancer).

its tolerance.

Some Cancers).
