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## IntechOpen Book Series Biochemistry Volume 9

Professor Martins Emeje holds a Bachelor of Pharmacy with distinction from Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria. He was immediately hired by the National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development. He subsequently obtained a Master of Pharmacy and PhD from University of Nigeria, Nsukka, where he received the best PhD award. Prof. Emeje's several international fellowships include the prestigious Raman fellowship. He

has published over 100 primary scientific articles and patents. Prof. Emeje was the head of the institute's spin-off company (NIPCO) during which the first indigenous phytomedicine was successfully licensed to an indigenous multinational pharmaceutical industry. He holds a professional teaching qualification and is a visiting Professor to Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Prof. Emeje also holds an advanced postgraduate certificate in project management from Walden University, USA.

**Editor of Volume 9: Martins Emeje** National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abuja, Nigeria

**Book Series Editor: Miroslav Blumenberg** NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, USA

### Scope of the Series

Biochemistry, the study of chemical transformations occurring within living organisms, impacts all of life sciences, from molecular crystallography and genetics, to ecology, medicine and population biology. Biochemistry studies macromolecules proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids –their building blocks, structures, functions and interactions. Much of biochemistry is devoted to enzymes, proteins that catalyze chemical reactions, enzyme structures, mechanisms of action and their roles within cells. Biochemistry also studies small signaling molecules, coenzymes, inhibitors, vitamins and hormones, which play roles in the life process. Biochemical experimentation, besides coopting the methods of classical chemistry, e.g., chromatography, adopted new techniques, e.g., X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, NMR, radioisotopes, and developed sophisticated microbial genetic tools, e.g., auxotroph mutants and their revertants, fermentation etc. More recently, biochemistry embraced the 'big data' omics systems.

Initial biochemical studies have been exclusively analytic: dissecting, purifying and examining individual components of a biological system; in exemplary words of Efraim Racker, (1913 –1991) "Don't waste clean thinking on dirty enzymes." Today however, biochemistry is becoming more agglomerative and comprehensive, setting out to integrate and describe fully a particular biological system. The 'big data' metabolomics can define the complement of small molecules, e.g., in a soil or biofilm sample; proteomics can distinguish all the proteins comprising e.g., serum; metagenomics can identify all the genes in a complex environment e.g., bovine rumen. This Biochemistry Series will address both the current research on biomolecules, and the emerging trends with great promise.

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