4. Conclusions

Since ancient times, the fruits and leaves of F. carica have been used as food and for their different therapeutic effects. In recent years several scientific works have analyzed the chemical composition of both parts of the plant to know more in depth the phytochemical compounds responsible for the biological properties

Chemical and Biological Characteristics of Ficus carica L. Fruits, Leaves... DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86660

demonstrated in several in vitro and ex vivo tests. In addition, the use of new environmentally friendly extraction processes, such as ionic liquids or deep eutectic solvents, and the use of fig phytochemicals as additives for new food applications (nutraceuticals and functional foods) are highly researched topics in recent times. However, research on different alcoholic beverages derived from both parts of the plant, such as wine, liqueur, and spirit, is still scarce. These beverages represent an important source of sustenance for the local economy of different countries from the Mediterranean basin, so that their study could provide an improvement in the quality of the products and publicize the chemical and biological properties derived from their consumption.
