**Author details**

*Modern Fruit Industry*

Ar, 0.75–1.25 dm3

**10. Conclusions**

postharvest losses.

attributed to high degree of polymerization in cashew apple juice (@ PE-100, 80 kHz, N2, 10–50 mL/min, 5–15 min, 30 kPa) [65, 66]. CP has no significant effect on ascorbic acid content of the fruits and vegetables in many fruits like kiwi [67]. It was observed that exposure of CP increases the anthocyanin content in some fruit juices such as sour cherry (Garofulić et al. [68]), pomegranate juice (at 25 kHz,

barrier discharge, at 15 kV for 10–20 min) has also helpful in color retention and reduction of darkened area formed during storage of cut kiwifruit, though an immediate effect of CP treatment was slight loss of pigment which might be due to the degradation of pigments like chlorophyll and anthocyanin (Ramazzina et al. [67]). Won et al. [70] reported that CP treatment (at 2.45 GHz, 900 W, 1 L/min, 0.7 kPa, N2, He, N2 + O2 (4:1) for 10 min) increases the antioxidant activity, total

The present available technologies are getting popularity and commercial potency owing to their effectiveness, safe, cheaper, wide range and easier application methods. However, their effectiveness depends on many factors viz. formulations, nature of products and applied methodology, etc. Application of novel hormones like BRs, OA, MeJA, etc. reduces the spoilage, incidence of disorders and increase quality of produces. Use of edible coatings and some recent methodology like layer by layer coatings and their combinational effects are much more helpful in extending the shelf life of produce. Essential oils and plant extracts also found helpful in reducing the incidence of certain postharvest diseases and disinfections. Now a day, exposure of fruits to LED light could be effective in inducing phenols, antioxidants and delaying senescence process. Additionally, antimicrobial compound and some nanocomposite materials could be applied over the surface. Natural antagonistic mechanism through the application of bioagents is really helpful in maintaining ecological balance along with effective disease management. Some, newly induced technologies like cold plasma and irradiation is also helpful in minimizing disinfestation against quarantine pests and increasing the quality. So, overall effects of these technologies solely or in combination could reduce the postharvest losses and preserve the quality during supply chain management. However, there is great scope left to be carried out research and invention of new technologies with higher efficiency, ecofriendly and having broader spectrum against different

phenolic content and also inhibits *Penicillium italicum* in mandarin.

/min for 3–7 min) Kovačević et al. [69]. CP treatment (dielectric

**34**

Nirmal Kumar Meena1 \* and Kalpana Choudhary2

1 Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India

2 Agriculture University, Kota, Rajasthan, India

\*Address all correspondence to: nirmalchf@gmail.com

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
