Berries - Recent Advances on Growing and Breeding Strategies

*Modern Fruit Industry*

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**1. Introduction**

**Chapter 4**

**Abstract**

Soil Preparation, Running

Highbush Blueberry (*Vaccinium* 

*corymbosum* L.) Plantation and

Due to the pro-health properties of highbush blueberry fruit, the interest in cultivation of this species has been growing significantly, which is evidenced by the current increase in world fruit production. Therefore, the aim of our review study is to present the impact of soil and climatic conditions and cultivation methods of *Vaccinium corymbosum* L. on fruit yield and quality in Central and Eastern Europe. In this region, one of the most important abiotic factors determining the yield level is the minimum temperature of the winter period and short-term increases in temperature, which are conducive to the damage to flower buds. Another factor determining the success of cultivation is soil. In addition, highbush blueberry has specific soil requirements, which result from its characteristic root structure. The adverse impact of soil factors can be mitigated to a certain extent by the use of mycorrhizal fungi. In this chapter, besides the cultivation conditions of *V. corymbosum*, the pro-health properties of fruits resulting from the presence of bioactive compounds such as polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, especially anthocyanins, will be presented. Besides, factors, such as environmental conditions, degree of

**Keywords:** highbush blueberry, growing conditions, biologically active compounds

Blueberries are perennial flowering plants with blue- or purple-colored berries. They are classified in the genus *Vaccinium* within the family Ericaceae (a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family). Blueberries are usually prostrate shrubs that can vary in size from 10 cm to 4 m in height. In commercial production of blueberries, the species with small, pea-size berries growing on low-level bushes are known as "lowbush blueberries," while the species with larger berries growing on taller cultivated bushes are known as "highbush blueberries." Due to the pro-health properties of fruit of highbush blueberry plants (*Vaccinium corymbosum L.*), the interest in cultivation of this species has been growing significantly. Blueberries may be cultivated, or they may be picked from semiwild or wild bushes. Successful blueberry harvest requires attention to several cultivated factors.

Biological Properties of Fruits

*Zofia Zydlik, Szymon Cieśliński, Van Chung Mai,* 

ripeness and variety, affect the content of bioactive substances.

*Nesibe Ebru Kafkas and Iwona Morkunas*

**Chapter 4**
