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(18):2454-72.

**9** 

*Russia* 

**Approaches for Searching** 

*Saint-Petersburg State University, Chemistry Faculty,* 

*Department of Natural Products Chemistry* 

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**OH**

**H H H**

**of Modified Steroid Estrogen Analogues** 

Estrogens play a key role in multiple physiological functions in women. They have important actions on bone and lipid metabolism, cardiovascular function, and diffuse effects on other target organs. Estrogens have important roles in cognitive function and influence psychological well-being in women, in development and maintenance of the reproductive system in the female **(Gustafsson, 2003).** The most potent estrogens are 17β-estradiol **1,** 

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**H H H**

In female body estrogens are formed in ovaries, and as result the menopause is associated with an increased risk of the development of cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis and many other diseases. In postmenopausal women, many of these functions (positive effect on prevention of osteoporosis and improved serum profile enhanced by the use of estrogen replacement therapy) are achievement. The positive action of estrogens on prophylactic and treatment of osteoporosis has been proved undoubtedly, however other clinical data are considered as contradictory (**Davison & Davis, 2003**). Moreover, during the use of estrogens for HRT the number of strokes is increasing (**Bushnell, 2005**). It was absolutely unexpected because the adverse effect has been observed in experiments on animals. It was also found that during long-term using of estrogens the risk of some oncological diseases is increasing (**Beral, 2003; Beral et al., 2005**). Other side effects, which we discuss later, also indicate the necessity for the search of new safe estrogen analogues with the improved biological

Firstly we consider the results in these directions, and then we discuss the main advantages of the creation of agents with directed biological action, which are perspective for HRT, for

estrone **2** and estriol **3** may have tissue-specific roles (**Gruber & Huber, 1999**).

**OH**

 **1 2 3** 

**OH**

**H H H**

**1. Introduction** 

**OH**

properties.

**with Improved Biological Properties** 

Alexander Shavva, Svetlana Morozkina and Olga Galkina
