**2. Basic concept of formulation**

A pesticide is the main active ingredient (actual chemical that controls pest population), which may be of synthetic chemical or botanical origin. Various chemical- and botanical-based pesticides have different physical and chemical characteristics such as solubility, viscosity, and physical state. Moreover, different pesticides act differently for various types of pest populations; for instance, some are effective for crawling insects, while the others are for flying insects. If a farmer uses active ingredient in pure form, he will face assured difficulties as follows:-


To resolve all these issues, formulation scientists formulate the active ingredient into different forms. As per the Knowles, "A pesticide formulation is a mixture of active ingredient with different inert materials to improve its stability during storage, easy handling, improves safety, application, or effectiveness towards pest population" [5].

*Vital Role of IPFT in Development of New-Generation Pesticide Formulation for Crop… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101134*
