*3.3.3 HSP60*

HSP60 is a chaperone protein with functions including transport and mitochondrial protein folding. This protein has been associated with a wide range of cancers including prostate, breast, cervical bladder, hepatic and CRC [71]. HSP60 is also elevated in non-cancer conditions such as chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis [80]. 2DE coupled to LC-MS–MS/MS using 28 histological adenocarcinoma samples and a 789 patient IHC validation set revealed that HSP60 was overexpressed along with S100A9 and translationally controlled tumor protein (p < 0.001 for each) [81]. This study also identified the beta subunit of 14-3-3 as a prognostic marker [69]. Additionally, IHC and immunoblot were used to demonstrate, in histological samples of 44 patients, that HSP60 was elevated in tumor tissues and there was a significant association between HSP60 levels, tumor differentiation, and tumor stage [82]. Comparison of colonic tumor samples and matched normal tissue confirmed overexpression of HSP60 (3.25-fold change ratio) with 2D-DIGE and immunoblotting) [83]. The authors of this study also developed an immunoassay for serum HSP60 detection, confirming a statistically significant elevation in serum HSP60 levels in CRC compared to controls (P = 0.0001) [83].
