**1. Introduction**

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), an important mycotoxin, is first identified in animal feed in 1961 due to the death of 100,000 turkeys in the UK where these turkeys were feed using the peanut powder with the high concentration of AFB1. Until now, this mycotoxin has proved to come from the secondary metabolites of *Aspergillus* under adverse conditions such as prolonged drought and insect-mediated damage to crops. Growing studies have also shown that individuals having crops contaminated by AFB1 often causes different poisoning. Its high-level exposure will cause acute poisoning and severe cellular damage, even death; whereas its long-term low-level exposure will induce chronic poisoning, genic mutations, even malignant alterations of cells. Evidence from epidemiological and clinicopathological studies displays that AFB1 has strong carcinogenicity, mutagenicity and teratogenicity. For human and animals, AFB1 often induces hepatocellular carcinoma, thus, is classified as one of I-class chemical carcinogen of hepatocellular carcinoma by the International Cancer Research Center [1–5]. Here, we will review the occurrence of AFB1 and its toxification effects on human. Additionally, we will also discuss all known detoxification of AFB1.
