**3. Results**

#### **3.1 The features of study population**

A total of 380 cases with PHCC and 588 controls were included in our final analyses. Baseline characteristics of all cases with PHCC and controls were summarized in **Table 1**, and results showed there were no significant distributions of age, gender, and race between cases and controls.


#### **Table 1.**

*The characteristics of subjects.*


*AFB1, aflatoxin B1; PHCC, primary hepatocellular carcinoma.*

#### **Table 2.**

*Associations between AFB1-DNA adduct levels and PHCC risk.*
