Meet the editor

Dr. Theodoros K. Aslanidis received an MD from the Medical University Plovdiv, Bulgaria, and a PhD from Aristotle Medical University of Thessaloniki, Greece. He served in the Hellenic Army Force as a medical doctor and then worked as a rural physician at Outhealth Centre, Iraklia and Serres' General Hospital, Greece. He completed his residency in anaesthesiology at Hippokration General Hospital, followed by training in Critical Care at AHEPA Uni-

versity Hospital and a postgraduate program in Prehospital Emergency Medicine. Dr. Aslanidis served as an EMS Physician and Emergency Communication Center Medic at the National Centre of Emergency Care. Currently he is a consultant-researcher at the Intensive Care Unit of St. Paul General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. He serves as editor for multiple medical journals. His research interests include medical writing, data analysis, emergency critical care, and neuromonitoring.

Contents

**Section 1**

Optimization *by Robert L. Drury*

ANS Stimulation *by Giovanni Minarini*

*and Siti Nur Shakiroh Shafie*

*and Shankar Srinivasan*

Hypothermia in Adults *by Jonathan V. Roth*

Sensor

**Section 2**

**Preface III**

Technical Themes **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 15**

**Chapter 3 29**

Heart Rate Variability and Hypothermia **45**

**Chapter 4 47**

**Chapter 5 71**

HRV in an Integrated Hardware/Software System Using Artificial Intelligence to Provide Assessment, Intervention and Performance

Root Mean Square of the Successive Differences as Marker of the Parasympathetic System and Difference in the Outcome after

Heart Rate Variability Recording System Using Photoplethysmography

*by Noor Aimie-Salleh, Nurul Aliaa Abdul Ghani, Nurhafiezah Hasanudin* 

Modeling Thermoregulatory Responses to Cold Environments *by Adam W. Potter, David P. Looney, Xiaojiang Xu, William R. Santee* 

Techniques to Reduce the Magnitude and Duration of Redistribution

## Contents



Preface

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays a vital role not only for homeostasis of the organism but also for reaction rate and extent to stimuli. Thus, monitoring ANS is crucial for understanding disease progress. There are many methods for monitoring ANS, including heart rate variability (HRV), hormonal biomarkers (epinephrine, cortisol, norepinephrine), infrared digital pupillometry, salivary α-amylase, electro-

dermal activity recording, and functional nervous system imaging.

Every ANS marker is considered a complex reflection of the sympathetic parasympathetic system balance activation (autonomic outflow), neuroendocrine influences, and the ability of the human system network to respond to the former factors (autonomic responsiveness). They are probably more than an indicator for probable disturbances in the autonomous system. They can serve as a surrogate indexes both for the objective well-being (homeostasis and health status) and for subjective well-being (emotional and psychological health). Increasing data support in its use of ANS for monitoring for both somatic and psychological disorders and diseases. Moreover, newer studies provide us an insight into the physiology of consciousness and raise our understanding of several psychological and physiological processes, like neuroendocrine habituation or emotional regulation.

This book focuses on HRV, which refers to the interval between R waves in the electrocardiogram (i.e., variability in beat-by-beat heart period). The first section of the book is dedicated to technical themes related to both modes of monitoring and the variables recorded. The second section highlights special aspect use of heart rate variability HRV in relation to hypothermia. Finally, the third section of the book covers general aspects of its HRV application. Throughout the book, the authors offer us not only a "vigorous" review of the current literature but also a

**Theodoros Aslanidis, MD, PhD**

Anaesthesiology - Critical Care, Pre-hospital Emergency Medicine,

Consultant/Researcher,

Intensive Care Unit, St. Paul General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece

research road path for further advancement.
