[238] Nelson ER,

Wardell SE, McDonnell DP. The molecular mechanisms underlying the pharmacological actions of estrogens, SERMs and oxysterols: Implications for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. Bone. 2013;**53**(1):42-50

[239] Marín F, Barbancho MC. Action of selective Estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) through the classical mechanism of Estrogen action. In: Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. pp. 71-77. Available from. DOI: http://link. springer.com/10.1007/3-540-34742-9\_3

[240] Khan MM, Wakade C, de Sevilla L, Brann DW. Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) enhance neurogenesis and spine density following focal cerebral ischemia. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2015 Feb;**146**:38-47 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/pubmed/24815952

[241] Lopez-Rodriguez AB, Ávila-Rodriguez M, Vega-vela NE, Capani F, Gonzalez J, Garciá-Segura LM, et al. Estrogen Effects on Traumatic Brain Injury. 2015.

[242] Leaw B, Nair S, Lim R, Thornton C, Mallard C, Hagberg H. Mitochondria, bioenergetics and Excitotoxicity: New therapeutic targets in perinatal

brain injury. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. 2017 Jul 12;**11**:199 Available from: http://journal. frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/ fncel.2017.00199/full

[243] Wu Q, Chen W, Sinha B, Tu Y, Manning S, Thomas N, et al. Neuroprotective agents for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Drug Discovery Today. 2015;**20**:1372- 1381 Available from: https://www. sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ S1359644615003414?via%3Dihub

Section 3

Mechanisms of Action

of Other Potential

Neuroprotective Treatments

**251**
