**Author details**

Kingsley Eghonghon Ukhurebor1 \*, Ituabhor Odesanya2 , Silas Soo Tyokighir3 , Rout George Kerry4 , Akinola Samson Olayinka1 and Ayodotun Oluwafemi Bobadoye5

1 Department of Physics, Edo University Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria

2 Department of Physics, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria

3 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, Nigeria

4 Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

5 Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN), Ibadan, Nigeria

\*Address all correspondence to: ukeghonghon@gmail.com; ukhurebor.kingsley@edouniversity.edu.ng

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**35**

2000;**7**:16-27

*Wireless Sensor Networks: Applications and Challenges DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93660*

> [11] Tubaishat M, Madria S. Sensor networks: An overview. IEEE Potentials.

[12] Rawat P, Singh KD, Chaouchi H, Bonnin JM. Wireless sensor networks: A survey on recent developments and potential synergies. The Journal of Supercomputing. 2014;**68**(1):1-48

[13] Verdone R, Dardari D, Mazzini G, Conti A. Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks. London, UK: Elsevier; 2008.

[14] Worlu C, Jamal AJ, Mahiddin NA. Wireless sensor networks, internet of things, and their challenges. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering.

[15] Chen DB, Zhang NL, Zhang MG, Wang ZH, Zhang Y. Study on remote monitoring system of crossing and spanning tangent tower. IOP Conference

[16] Tiwari P, Saxena VP, Mishra RG, Bhavsar D. Wireless sensor networks: Introduction, advantages, applications

Technology Innovations and Research.

[18] Ukhurebor KE, Azi SO, Abiodun IC, Ojiemudia SE. The influence of weather variables on atmospheric refractivity over Auchi, south-south, Nigeria. Journal for Applied Science and Environmental Management.

and research challenges. HCTL Open International Journal of

[17] Ukhurebor KE, Odesanya I. Relationship between meteorological variables and effective earth radius factor over Auchi, Edo state, southsouth, Nigeria. Covenant Journal of Physical & Life Sciences, SE.

2015;**14**:1-11

2019;**7**(1):1-10

2018;**22**(4):471-475

Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2017;**199**(1):1-6

2003;**22**:20-30

p. 2008

2019;**8**(12S2):556-566

**References**

393-422

[1] Akyildiz IF, Su W,

2002a;**40**(8):102-114

[2] Akyildiz IF, Su W,

Sankarasubramaniam Y, Cayirci E. A survey on sensor networks. IEEE Communications Magazine.

Sankarasubramaniam Y, Cayirci E. Wireless sensor networks: A survey. Computer Networks. 2002b;**38**(4):

[3] BenSaleh MS, Saida R, Kacem YH, Abid M. Wireless sensor network design methodologies: A survey. Journal of

Sensors. 2020;**2020**:9592836

Computers. 2004;**37**:41-49

[4] Buratti C, Conti A, Dardari D, Verdone R. An overview on wireless sensor networks technology and evolution. Sensors. 2009;**9**:6869-6896

[5] Culler D, Estrin D, Srivastava M. Overview of sensor networks. IEEE

[6] Hac A. Wireless Sensor Network Designs. Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2003. p. 2003

[7] Matin MA, Islam MM. Overview of wireless sensor network. In: Matin MA, editor. Wireless Sensor Networks – Technology and Protocols. London, UK: IntechOpen; 2012. DOI: 10.5772/49376

[8] Raghavendra C, Sivalingam K, Znati T. Wireless Sensor Networks. New

[9] Rajaravivarma V, Yang Y, Yang T. An overview of wireless sensor network and applications. In: Proceedings of 35th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory. Vol. 2003. Morgantown, WV,

York, NY, USA: Springer; 2004

USA: IEEE; 2003. pp. 432-436

of a wireless sensor network. IEEE Personal Communications.

[10] Sohrabi K, Gao J, Ailawadhi V, Pottie G. Protocols for self-organization *Wireless Sensor Networks: Applications and Challenges DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93660*
