Acknowledgments

I would like to thank the chapter authors for their excellent contributions. I would also like to my wife, Suma, and son, Gangadhar, for their patience and understanding during the process.

Section 1

Overview

**1**

Section 1 Overview

**Chapter 1**

**Abstract**

Applications

Wireless Sensor Networks:

Wireless sensor networks consist of small nodes with identifying component by sensing, computation, and wireless communications infrastructure capabilities. Many path searching means routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have been specifically designed for WSNs where energy awareness is an essential design issue. Routing protocols in WSNs might differ depending on the application and network architecture. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) provide several types of applications providing comfortable and smart-economic life. A multidisciplinary research area such as wireless sensor networks, where close collaboration in some users, application domain experts, hardware designers, and software developers is needed to implement efficient systems. The easy molding, fault tolerance, high sensing fidelity, low price, and rapid deployment features of sensor networks create various new and thrilling application areas for remote sensing. In the future, this wide range of application areas will make sensor networks an essential part of our lives. However, understanding of sensor networks needs to satisfy the constraints presented by factors such as fault tolerance, scalability, cost,

hardware, dynamic topology, environment, and power consumption.

Wireless sensor network (WSN) refers to a collection of sensors for observing, monitoring and recording the physical conditions of the environment [1]. After observing and recording the behavior of sensors, consolidating the collected data at a central location is the main task. WSNs measure environmental conditions like wind, humidity, temperature, pollution levels of sound, air and so on [2].

WSNs consist of spatially distributed and independent sensors to observe and monitor physical and environmental conditions. They are helpful to collectively pass recorded data through the network to a central location. Some of the networks are bi-directional, i.e. both collecting data from distributed sensors and supporting

Spatially dispersed and dedicated networks help to collect different parameters with special sensors which are included in the WSN. The development of WSN was

motivated by mainly military applications such as battlefield surveillance. Nowadays, such networks are used in many applications like industry, consumer applications. Few of the applications such as industrial process monitoring and

**Keywords:** Applications of Wireless Sensor Network

**1. Introduction of wireless sensor network**

control, machine health monitoring, and so on.

control of sensor activity.

**3**

*Bhargavi Dalal and Sampada Kukarni*

#### **Chapter 1**
