**22. Enamine catalysis: β-arylation of ketones**

The α-functionalization of carbonyl compounds is easily carried out, whereas functionalizing at the β-position is not easy and requires multiple synthetic operations. With creativity and with clear understanding of radical chemistry using a VLPC protocol, these authors have enolized the cyclic ketones; thereby a double bond is formed, and the radical chemistry created an allyl radical at the β-position. In the reaction medium, the iridium-based catalyst generated arene radical cation from cyanoarenes, which reacts with the allyl radical and forms the β-substituted ketones with the elimination of the cyanide group from the arene (**Figure 29**).

**Figure 29.** *Ketone β-arylation.*
