**8. Conclusion**

No matter what globalization means this term gains its tremendous popularity even outside the academic. Sometimes it means global migration, which brings up the optimistic argument but the pessimistic argument also play its role to show the old dark side recurrent in the new context of global migration. Yet by repeating old argument, many studies indicate the old but still important issues such as the exploitation of migrant care workers. This study demonstrates how the aging population and the low birth rate in Taiwan

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intersect with the trend of global migration and bring in migrant care workers and analyzes the exploitation of these worker such as overwork even work for multiple households which is against the law.

But this study also argues that exploitation cannot fully explain the whole situation of migrant care workers by showing the sexual abuse against these workers, which is ignored by studies of migration and sexual violence against women. Although this study does not present the specific characteristics of this sexual abuse compared to other sexual violence, it seem that most migrant women care worker are sexually abused by the employers and their relatives and these workers suffered from long-term and continuous sexual abuse. It is very difficult for these workers to file a suit, because they face the employers who have tremendous power over them and the labor regulations and the policy by the government. This study has investigated the social-cultural context in Taiwan, which leads to the sexual abuse by the employer and his relatives. This study also reveals prejudice/stereotype/ideology, which operates in this context to justify or cover up the sexual abuse. For example, why the sexual abuse against care workers tends to be covered up by the family is this not related to race, class, and indifference to the outsider/foreigner status or xenophobia and micro-power politics. The male employers justify their abusive behavior by claiming that this is a trade and they had already paid the money. Is this justification not related to gender discrimination or the kind of stereotype that if the migrant women worker is willing to sell her labor, she is willing to have sex with the employer for money?

#### **9. Acknowledgments**

The authors would like to thank the National Science Council of the Republic of China, Taiwan for financially supporting this research under Contract No. NSC 95-2412-H-003- MY2. The authors are grateful to all those who assisted with or participated in this study. The authors would like to thank research assistants, Kai-Chi Chuang and Pei-Fang Hsieh, for their assistance in putting this study together, and Ted Knoy is appreciated for his editorial assistance.

#### **10. References**


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But this study also argues that exploitation cannot fully explain the whole situation of migrant care workers by showing the sexual abuse against these workers, which is ignored by studies of migration and sexual violence against women. Although this study does not present the specific characteristics of this sexual abuse compared to other sexual violence, it seem that most migrant women care worker are sexually abused by the employers and their relatives and these workers suffered from long-term and continuous sexual abuse. It is very difficult for these workers to file a suit, because they face the employers who have tremendous power over them and the labor regulations and the policy by the government. This study has investigated the social-cultural context in Taiwan, which leads to the sexual abuse by the employer and his relatives. This study also reveals prejudice/stereotype/ideology, which operates in this context to justify or cover up the sexual abuse. For example, why the sexual abuse against care workers tends to be covered up by the family is this not related to race, class, and indifference to the outsider/foreigner status or xenophobia and micro-power politics. The male employers justify their abusive behavior by claiming that this is a trade and they had already paid the money. Is this justification not related to gender discrimination or the kind of stereotype that if the migrant women worker is willing to sell her labor, she is willing to have sex with the

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