**3.1 Impact of technology on ecology**

*Natural History and Ecology of Mexico and Central America*

**Table 2**.

population [26, 27].

million vehicles 4,6

191,000 vehicles 4,5

*Global 500, 2015 <sup>4</sup>*

**Table 2.**

**7th world producer of vehicles in general** 

7th world producer of light vehicles with 3.4

5th world producer of heavy vehicles with

*Source: Adapted and extracted from ProMéxico with information from 1*

*AMIA 7*

*National Institute of Statistic and Geography (INEGI-by its acronym in Spanish).*

*ANPACT 6*

**with 3.6 million vehicles 4,5.**

4th Exporter of light vehicles With 2.8 million vehicles 7

4th Exporter of heavy vehicles with 156,900 vehicles 5

*Data on vehicle production in Mexico.*

*OICA 5*

The problem shows us that the idea of unlimited economic growth, production dynamics, as well as consumption patterns are increasingly unsustainable; if the trend described above continues, it could put life at risk in all its aspects. Dimensions. We are faced with a scenario that urges us to think of an economy that has life support at its center. Mexico occupies the 7th place as a world producer of vehicles and with an important participation in the market, as can be seen in

**Figure 3** shows the 2010 water map, where the problems of water availability in the country can be observed, and in regions where economic productivity is higher, so it is important to consider the impact of the automotive industry, of soft drinks, sugar, mining, paper, textiles, among the main ones. These industries affect the availability of water in addition to generating many pollutants to the water [11, 33]. On the other hand, overexploitation of water leads to the presence of pollutants such as arsenic and fluoride, where there are several regions in Mexico where high levels of arsenic and dental fluorosis have been found impacting the health of the

**Of the main assembly companies, 21 have a presence** 

More than 300 first level suppliers (TIER 1) of the

Creation of 81,927 jobs in the automotive terminal

*MarketLine, estimates 2*

*Ministry of Economy <sup>9</sup>*

Participation of the automotive and auto parts industry:

(FDI): 20%

*OICA 3*

*Fortune* 

*ProMexico 10*

**in 14 states of the country 9**

terminal industry 5

National GDP10: 3% Manufacturing GDP10: 18% Foreign Direct Investment8

: 27%

Total, exports9

*Global Trade Atlas y AMIA 8*

industry 10

**188**

**Figure 3.**

*Source: CONAGUA. www.dof.gob.mx/nota\_detalle\_popup.php?codigo=5339732.*

The extinction of species in the Anthropocene, global climate change and the damage to natural ecosystems caused by human activities, are part of an environmental and socio-ecological crisis that manifests itself at local, regional, and global scales. This crisis calls into question the social coexistence and the bases of the very existence of humanity. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are also indicative of a general framework of poverty, hunger, food insecurity, malnutrition, unsustainable agricultural practices, inequity (economic, social and gender), waste of natural resources, excessive energy consumption and violence and insecurity [34].
