**4. Conclusion**

When the studies are examined, more and more detailed explanations have been made about the cognitive activities in the modeling process. It is seen that technological developments are taken into consideration in the conceptualization of the mathematical modeling process. Considering the modeling used in the mathematical modeling process, the emergence of different frameworks and approaches reveals the complex structure of the process. For this reason, it is seen that the studies related to the mathematical modeling process, taking into account the different effects of technology, are combined with STEM, and this leads to the emergence of richer cognitive and metacognitive processes.

As a result of the importance of STEM activities in solving mathematical modeling and real-life problems in different disciplines, STEM activities continue to be integrated into schools. While many countries have added STEM to their education programs, some of them have been combining mathematical modeling with practices. Even teacher trainings on this subject are continuing.

As a result, it can be said that the teaching done by using mathematical modeling together with STEM increases the students' motivation toward the lesson; they learn better by concentrating their attention on the subject, leaving a positive effect on them; and the students' success and attitudes toward the lesson increase. Solving real-life problems in the future through STEM and mathematical modeling will continue to play an important role in providing innovative and creative problemsolving perspectives in the cultural and economic development of the countries.

### **Conflict of interest**

The author declares no conflict of interest.

## **Author details**

Murat Tezer Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus

\*Address all correspondence to: murat.tezer@neu.edu.tr

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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