5. Interview results from lecturers

Interviews were conducted with lecturers of students at the three colleges. The participants responded to questions related to (1) vocational pedagogy and didactics, (2) equipment and materials in the workshops, (3) integration of theory and practice and (4) partnership with workplaces and WIL. Therefore the themes of results are organised in term of these four elements.

will retard technological changes in the country. There is great need to fast track TVET transformation in order to meet the needs of workplaces in skill provision. The existing TVET colleges are failing to produce skilled youth because of the

STEM for Sustainable Skills for the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Snapshot at Some TVET…

On the issue of partnership and WIL, the lecturer mentioned that she/he was not involved in that; however the teacher said that partnership is much relevant espe-

The teacher responded: "No, I am not involved in that field, but I know some-

The lecturer mentioned that workplaces for students to do practical are very

The lecturers continues: no, no we need that, we need it and who ever can help us and the students would like it, they keep on asking me always, they say why we are not placed, and I got no answer. It is clear that these colleges do not have

The study made observation in the practical workshops and during teaching. The observation schedules included (1) workshop/learning environment layout conducive for teaching and learning vocational subjects, (2) all material and equipment fully functional, (3) safety kits and utilities visible for all, (4) adequate working spaces provided around electrical power supply for normal operating and maintenance tasks in the workshop, (5) availability of materials to be used relevant for instruction and (6) natural and artificial lighting promoting effective function-

Electrotechnics and Automotive occupations, respectively. The materials observed that are used for practical are not corresponding with the latest technologies. For instance, most students are still trained using vehicle carburetor, while modern cars are using fuel injectors. It is not surprising that majority of youth trained from TVET colleges are not employable at most workplaces. Employers are complaining that the current education graduates are not work ready [21]. In a study by [21], in an interview, a manager uttered that education should "…give us a finished package" or "at day one be absolutely perfect". There is shortage of public/private training providers to provide knowledge and skills, education and training for the fourth industrial revolution such as IoT, AI, cloud computing, 3D printing and

A study by [22] indicates that one-third of industry experts in the USA had no confidence that education and training would evolve rapidly enough to match

This chapter succeeded in presenting a review of literature demonstrating that rapid technological advancement is the major driver of the economic growth and has raised living standards enormously across the globe. From the review of literature, it can be concluded that there is a need for targeted TVET occupational skills,

The above pictures show some training venues for students in the

Lecturer: "Yes, and we don't have places that you can go do practicals".

cially in the subject he/she was teaching because it is a practical subject.

bureaucratic red tape in terms of funding.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89294

5.2 Partnership with workplaces and WIL

times companies offer our students learnership".

5.3 Observation of training workshops

ing of practical lessons.

robotics/coding/programming [21].

6. Conclusion

85

demands of technological advancement by 2026.

equipment and materials, because they do not do practicals.

rare.
