**Conflict of interest**

*Update on Mesenchymal and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells*

**72**

**9. Conclusion**

*Osteoarthritis Pain.*

**Figure 4.**

**Acknowledgements**

Osteoarthritis is a common disorder involving damage to synovial joint tissues particularly the cartilage and bone. Current treatments are mostly targeted at end-stage disease, but biological therapies including stem cell therapy show a promise for earlier intervention with a more prolonged benefit. With all the published clinical trial data, it is reasonable to expect that MSCs may prove to be an important therapy for OA. Pooled BMMSCs with their enhanced anti-inflammatory potential, immunomodulatory properties, and secretion of paracrine factors create the optimum environment for a controlled reparative pathway in the affected joint. Pooled BMMSC treatment, perhaps combined with other modalities like a scaffold, would be advantageous in providing treatment in early OA to slow disease progres-

*ICOAP results. ICOAP: (A, B) total; (C, D) continuous pain; and (E, F) intermittent pain. Data presented as mean value ± SD; C1 = cohort 1; C2 = cohort 2; 25M, 50M, 75M, 150M = 25, 50, 75, 150 million cells, respectively; 1M, 3M, 6M, 12M = 1, 3, 6, 12 months, respectively; ICOAP = Intermittent and Constant* 

We thank Stempeutics Research Pvt. Ltd. and Mr. BN Manohar for proving the required funding for the relevant studies. We would like to thank

sion, thus delaying or avoiding total joint replacement.

The authors declare no conflict of interests.
