**3. Rational nutrient management approaches for rice growth under climate change environment**

### **3.1 Integrated plant nutrient management approach**

Integrated plant nutrient management system (IPNS) is a holistic approach to integrate the one of all natural man made sources of plant nutrient to maintain and sustain soil fertility to enhance rice crop productivity in an efficient, environmentally safe, ecologically compatible, socially acceptable and economically viable way. It use both organic and in organic plant nutrients to attain higher crop productivity and prevent soil degradation.

IPNS system keep a balance between nutrients removed by the crop and nutrient added to soil. The smart nutrient management program taking into account the availability of nutrients in all types of soil, crop requirement and other factors, such as, removal of nutrients from the soil by the crop, economics of fertilizer profitability, farmers ability to invest, soil moisture regime, physical and microbiological condition of the soil, available soil nutrient status, nutrient recycling and cropping sequence, limiting loss to the environment [10, 11] (**Figure 1**).

### **3.2 Four R nutrient management approach in rice crop production**

Soil is marvelous, complex substances. Thousands of soil types exist in the world having arisen from different parent material under diverse ecological conditions. Some are fertile, tillable and wonderfully suited for agriculture other may need a great deal of husbandry to become useful. Sustainable agriculture or regenerative farming all aim to produce food and fiber on a sustainable basis and to repair the damage caused by destructive procedure [3, 4] (**Figure 2**).

**157**

universal.

**Figure 2.**

**Figure 1.**

i.**R**ight type or source

Adaptation of this model helps the growers to achieve sustainability. Although the recommendations are specific with respect to site but scientific principles are

ii.**R**ight rate or dose

iii.**R**ight place and

iv.**R**ight time

*Smart Nutrition Management of Rice Crop under Climate Change Environment*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86094*

*Integrated plant nutrient management system in industrial agriculture.*

*Four-R nutrient stewardship model for best management practices (BMP).*

4R nutrient stewardship is based on the principle that fertilizer should be applied meeting the following requirements:

## *Smart Nutrition Management of Rice Crop under Climate Change Environment DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86094*

**Figure 1.** *Integrated plant nutrient management system in industrial agriculture.*

**Figure 2.**

*Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era*

placement.

[3–6, 8, 9].

**climate change environment**

and prevent soil degradation.

**3.1 Integrated plant nutrient management approach**

sequence, limiting loss to the environment [10, 11] (**Figure 1**).

damage caused by destructive procedure [3, 4] (**Figure 2**).

applied meeting the following requirements:

**3.2 Four R nutrient management approach in rice crop production**

ing the nutrients readily available to plants.

• In case of band placement fertilizer is placed in the vicinity of roots thus mak-

• Due to placement of nutrients at right place there is no weed emergence there-

• Nutrient losses resulting from erosion, immobilization and leaching of N is

Implementation of this system to any cropping system results in optimization of nutrient management and reduction of soil degradation. In addition improvement in soil nutritional deficiencies and reduction in land degradation also be achieved by the exploitation of genetic variability of plants in terms of nutrient absorption and utilization. Efforts are being made around the globe to make use of genetic resources in order to genetically modify the crop cultivars to produce such cultivars that are more efficient and productive under stressed environments

**3. Rational nutrient management approaches for rice growth under** 

Integrated plant nutrient management system (IPNS) is a holistic approach to integrate the one of all natural man made sources of plant nutrient to maintain and sustain soil fertility to enhance rice crop productivity in an efficient, environmentally safe, ecologically compatible, socially acceptable and economically viable way. It use both organic and in organic plant nutrients to attain higher crop productivity

IPNS system keep a balance between nutrients removed by the crop and nutrient added to soil. The smart nutrient management program taking into account the availability of nutrients in all types of soil, crop requirement and other factors, such as, removal of nutrients from the soil by the crop, economics of fertilizer profitability, farmers ability to invest, soil moisture regime, physical and microbiological condition of the soil, available soil nutrient status, nutrient recycling and cropping

Soil is marvelous, complex substances. Thousands of soil types exist in the world having arisen from different parent material under diverse ecological conditions. Some are fertile, tillable and wonderfully suited for agriculture other may need a great deal of husbandry to become useful. Sustainable agriculture or regenerative farming all aim to produce food and fiber on a sustainable basis and to repair the

4R nutrient stewardship is based on the principle that fertilizer should be

• As compared to broadcasting less quantity of fertilizer is used in band

• Crop nutrient use efficiency is improved in case of band placement.

significantly reduced by adopting band placement technique.

fore lowering the cost of weedicide or weeds eradication.

**156**

*Four-R nutrient stewardship model for best management practices (BMP).*


Adaptation of this model helps the growers to achieve sustainability. Although the recommendations are specific with respect to site but scientific principles are universal.
