**Author details**

*Protecting Rice Grains in the Post-Genomic Era*

poultry feeds [57].

**4. Summary**

poultry feeds.

analysis.

**Acknowledgements**

elements in relatively the same proportion (Redfield ratio) for irrigating rice and other crops and protecting crops and biota from arsenic toxicity. Increased surface water would reduce GW salinity in the southwestern Bangladesh and increase productivity in the hinterlands [53]. To get rid of arsenics, protecting surface water is the only environmentally benign option saying "no to groundwater for irrigation, let the arsenic stay in the underground*.*" The water reservoirs may integrate aquaculture of DW and *A. pinnata* var. pinnata for fish and

The arsenics causing arsenicosis in Bangladesh water were first detected in 1993. Presently, many districts of Bangladesh use As-contaminated GW for rice irrigation and an integrated approach within the framework of land degradation has been suggested [11]. Considering the necessity of huge volume of arsenicfree irrigation water, physiography of Bangladesh and three mighty rivers flowing through the Bay of Bengal forming extensive network of rivers within the country, immediate attention must be given to construct rubber dams, convert rivers into freshwater reservoirs to overcome the arsenic toxicity, and protect rice and other grains. The integrated approach described in this manuscript would be environment friendly increasing total crop productivity including aquaculture of duckweeds and A. *pinnata* var. *pinnata* for producing fish and

Permanent solution could be achieved executing "Delta Plan 2100" saying "No

to groundwater use for irrigation, let the Arsenic stay in the underground".

The author is grateful to the Ministry of Science and Information & Communication Technology, Govt. of Bangladesh, for supporting the research project entitled "Mitigation of arsenic poisoning of groundwater by employing a locally innovated bioremediation technique," no. MOSICT/Sec. 9/SAP 3/2002- 2003. The author is thankful to Dr. Syed Mohammad Hossain, Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Saver, Dhaka, for his help in determining arsenic in rice grains by neutron activation

**146**

Abdul Aziz Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

\*Address all correspondence to: dr.aziz.botany@gmail.com

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
