**1. Introduction**

In China, the research on hybrid rice has gone on for more than 50 years. Professor Yuan first found the male sterility in 1964 and started hybrid rice research in China and, subsequently, creatively proposed the three-line, two-line, and oneline breeding conception [1]. Three-line hybrid rice was defined as restorer line, cytoplasmic male sterile line, and maintainer line; two-line hybrid rice was defined as restorer line and photo-thermosensitive genic male sterile; one-line hybrid rice was defined to maintain the heterosis by diploid line through apomixes [2]. Until now, hybrid rice breed with three-line or two-line method has successfully been applied in rice production.

From 1975, hybrid rice has gone through fast-speed development. More than 5000 varieties have been authorized by the government and planted for more than 500 million hm2 in China and play important function for national food safety [3, 4]. Rice blast disease caused by *Magnaporthe oryzae* is popular and devastative on rice. The vulnerability of hybrid rice to rice blast brought huge yield damage. The utilization of resistant varieties was the most economical and environmental method to control the rice blast. Up to now, more than 90 resistance (*R*) genes have been identified, in which more than 20 genes are cloned [5]. Hence, rice lines containing major resistant genes have been widely used directly or indirectly as parents of hybrid rice. In this chapter, we will introduce the utilization of resistance genes in hybrid rice breeding.
