**6. Conclusion and policy implications**

The process of peri-urbanization and urban built-up property formation in the transitional peri-urban areas of Ethiopia is assessed in detail in this chapter. Existing contemporary literatures about peri-urbanization and the resulting emergence of new urban built-up property rights formation process both through the formal (legal) system and informally outside the legal framework are also reviewed. The finding in this chapter has shown that both formal and informal ways are equally important in the process of converting peri-urban agricultural lands into new urban built-up non-agricultural properties. In the process of urban expansion, the former peri-urban landholders are expected to surrender their land to the urbanities through expropriation measures. The expropriated land is expected to be allocated to private developers and business men through lease agreement with the purpose to facilitate urban-based economic growth. This is the general insight how individualized rural usufruct right has been converting into individualized lease holding right formally and the end result of the process would be the formation of new urban built-up property. This study also shows that the urban expansion and development programs of the government into the peri-urban areas seem to seem to favor the urbanities at the expense of the local peri-urban communities.

The inefficiency of the formal land acquisition and delivery system for urban development is found out to be the driving force for the emergence of new urban built-up properties in the peri-urban areas informally. One of the key indications of the inefficiency of the formal system is the termination of agricultural usufruct right held by local peri-urban communities and the replacement of the system by the urban lease system compulsorily by the government. The unparticipatory and top-down decision of the government to expropriate land and to transfer this land to the outsider users through lease system has been pushing the local peri-urban landholders to subdivide and sell their agricultural land illegally before the government expropriates and reallocates their land to the urban developers. This is also aggravated by the bifurcation of the rural and urban land tenure system for urban and rural areas which has resulted in ambiguities on by which system that the transitional peri-urban areas shall be governed.

Finally, this study has proven that the quantity of informal built-up properties will continue to grow unless the government has made accommodative measures are taken to all group of the society. In other words, the dichotomy between the existing "formal" and "informal" city will continue to exist and it will continue to influence one another. The practice shows that unauthorized and illegal houses constructed in the peri-urban areas likely to grow in number and it is accommodating the majority and indeed the poorer section of the population who have no other option. This means it can neither be ignored nor be left to continue to grow and take its own path of development. Therefore, this requires the government to set up a responsive institutional framework that narrows down the rural-urban land governance dichotomy which has been resulting in power vacuum zone in the transitional peri-urban areas. Moreover, the federal government or the local government needs to develop proactive and protective measures for regulating informal land subdivision, use and development in the peri-urban areas.

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**Author details**

Achamyeleh Gashu Adam

Institute of Land Administration, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

\*Address all correspondence to: agachamyeleh@gmail.com

provided the original work is properly cited.

*Urban Built-Up Property Formation Process in the Peri-Urban Areas of Ethiopia*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86708*

*Urban Built-Up Property Formation Process in the Peri-Urban Areas of Ethiopia DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86708*
