**Chapter 19 351**

Antioxidants: Natural Antibiotics *by Syed Ali Raza Naqvi, Sana Nadeem, Sana Komal, Syed Ali Asad Naqvi, Muhammad Samee Mubarik, Sajid Yaqub Qureshi, Shahzad Ahmad, Ali Abbas, Muhammad Zahid, Naeem-Ul-Haq Khan, Syed Shujat Raza and Nosheen Aslam*

## **Chapter 20 369**

Diseases Related to Types of Free Radicals *by Narendra Maddu*

#### **Chapter 21 387**

The Effect of Antioxidants on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Flap Surgery *by Mehmet Bozkurt, Melihcan Sezgic, Percin Karakol, Can Uslu and Tevfik Balikci*

**II**

**Section 2**

Arthritis

Stroke

Antioxidants Compounds and Diseases **147**

**Chapter 8 149**

**Chapter 9 173**

**Chapter 10 185**

**Chapter 11 197**

**Chapter 12 219**

**Chapter 13 245**

**Chapter 14 261**

**Chapter 15 277**

**Chapter 16 295**

Condensed Benzimidazoles Are a Novel Scaffold for Antioxidant Agents'

Importance of the Nutrition with Antioxidants in the Treatment of Cancer

Prospects for Using the Natural Antioxidant Compounds in the Obesity

*by Andriy Zagayko, Tatiana Briukhanova, Dmytro Lytkin, Anna Kravchenko* 

Potential Antioxidative Effects of Kolaviron on Reproductive Function in

*by Claudine Manirafasha, Omolola Rebecca Oyenihi, Nicole Lisa Brooks,* 

Prevention of Oxidative Injury Associated with Thrombolysis for Ischemic

Dietary Antioxidants in the Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer *by Dwayne Tucker, Melisa Anderson, Fabian Miller, Kurt Vaz,* 

*by Vadim A. Kosolapov, Alexander A. Spasov, Vera A. Anisimova* 

*by Eva María Molina Trinidad, Marco Antonio Becerril Flores,* 

*José Luis Imbert Palafox and Laura Vargas Servín*

Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats

*Stefan S. du Plessis and Yapo Guillaume Aboua*

The Role of Endogenous Antioxidants in the Treatment of Experimental

*by Katarina Bauerova, Jarmila Kucharska, Silvester Ponist, Lukas Slovak,* 

Antioxidants as a Double-Edged Sword in the Treatment of Cancer

*Mohammad Reza Mahmoudian-Sani and Hedayatollah Shirzad*

*Karol Svik, Vladimir Jakus and Jana Muchova*

*by Melinda Matyas and Gabriela Zaharie*

*by Darryl R. Peterson and Ernest J. Sukowski*

*Lennox Anderson-Jackson and Donovan McGrowder*

Antioxidants at Newborns

Search and Development

*and Olga N. Zhukovskaya*

and Others Damages

*and Victoria Fylymonenko*

Treatment

*by Majid Asadi-Samani, Najmeh Kaffash Farkhad,* 

Preface

Damage in biological compounds such as nucleic acid, protein, lipids, etc. occurs when the free radical encounters another molecule and seeks to find another electron to pair its unpaired electron. Free radicals can cause mutations in different biological compounds and lead to various diseases (cancer, cardiovascular disease, aging, etc.). Antioxidants are chemical substances that protect different human cells from free radical damage that can occur from exposure to certain chemicals, smoking, pollution, radiation, and as a by-product of normal metabolism. Most antioxidants come from natural sources, which include wild plants, herbs and spices, fruits and vegetables, aquatic organisms, and microorganisms, and from antioxidant compounds, including vitamins A, C, and E, carotenoids such as beta-carotene, minerals, phenolic compounds, and other natural chemicals with antioxidant properties. There is developing interest in the utilization of natural antioxidants for the preservation of different kinds of foods and in the management of a number of diseases and conditions. The implication of oxidative stress in the etiology and progression of several acute and chronic clinical diseases has led to the suggestion that antioxidant compounds can have health benefits as prophylactic agents. Several studies have consistently shown an inverse association between consumption of natural products (as fruits, vegetables, herbs, algae etc.), the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and certain kinds of cancer. Although the protective effects have been primarily attributed to well-known antioxidants, such as vitamins A, C and E and beta-carotene, plant phenolic compounds may also play a significant role. Moreover, restrictions on the consumption of synthetic antioxidants such as Butylated hydroxyl anisole and Butylated hydroxyl toluene in food further strengthen the concept of using naturally occurring

The aim of this book is to illustrate the definition of oxidative stress and antioxidant in addition to identifying antioxidant sources, mechanisms, its applications in different fields, and the relation between antioxidant compounds and their preventive effect against several diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, inflammation,

The current book will be of interest to students, researchers, and scientists in the

I would like to thank all the contributing authors for their time and great efforts in the careful construction of the chapters and for making this project realizable.

I am grateful to Ms. Sandra Maljavac (Author Service Manager) for her great

efforts, encouragement, and guidance during the preparation of this

compounds as antioxidants.

diabetes, atherosclerosis, etc.

book.

field of biological science and applications.
