**Author details**

Narendra Maddu Department of Biochemistry, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ananthapuramu,

Andhra Pradesh, India

\*Address all correspondence to: dr.narendramaddu@gmail.com

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**379**

*Diseases Related to Types of Free Radicals DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82879*

[1] Mukherji SM, Singh SP. Free radicals. In: Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry. Madras: Macmillan India

[10] Dalle-Donne I, Scaloni A, Giustarini D, Cavarra E, Tell G, Lungarella G, et al. Proteins as biomarkers of oxidative/ nitrosative stress in diseases: The contribution of redox proteomics. Mass Spectrometry Reviews. 2005;**24**:55-99

[11] Szabo C, Ischiropoulos H, Radi R. Peroxynitrite: Biochemistry, pathophysiology and development of therapeutics. Nature Reviews. Drug

[12] Pacher P, Beckman JS, Liaudet L. Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in health and disease. Physiological

[13] Rossi R, Dalle-Donne I, Milzani A, Giustarini D. Oxidized forms of glutathione in peripheral blood as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Clinical

[14] Brieger K, Schiavone S, Miller FJ Jr, Krause KH. Reactive oxygen species: From health to disease. Swiss Medical

[16] Singh R, Devi S, Gollen R. Role of free radical in atherosclerosis, diabetes and dyslipidaemia: Larger-than-life. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and

Reviews. 2015;**31**:113-126

[17] Sies H. Hydrogen peroxide as central redox signalling molecule in physiological oxidative stress: Oxidative eustress. Redox Biology. 2017;**11**:613-619

[18] Lv W, Booz GW, Fan F, Wang Y, Roman RJ. Oxidative stress and

Chemistry. 2006;**52**:1406-1414

[15] Pagano G, Talamanca AA, Castello G, Cordero MD, Dischia M, Gadaleta MN, et al. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction across broad-ranging pathologies: Toward mitochondria-targeted clinical strategies. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2014;**54**:12-30

Weekly. 2012;**142**:13659

Discovery. 2007;**6**:662-680

Reviews. 2007;**87**:315-424

[2] Choudhari SK, Chaudhary M, Gadbail AR, Sharma A, Tekade S. Oxidative and antioxidative mechanisms in oral cancer and precancer: A review. Oral Oncology.

[3] Sun Y. Free radicals, antioxidant enzymes, and carcinogenesis. Free Radical Biology & Medicine.

[4] Halliwell B. Free radicals and other reactive species in disease. In: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. Singapore: Nature Publishing Group;

[5] Nguyen T, Brunson D, Crespi CL, Penman BW, Wishnok JS, Tannenbaum SR. DNA damage and mutation in human cells exposed to nitric oxide in vitro. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[6] Halliwell B. Antioxidants in human health and disease. Annual Review of

**References**

Press; 1984. p. 285

2014;**50**:10-18

1990;**8**:583-599

2001. pp. 1-7

1992;**89**:3030-3034

Nutrition. 1996;**16**:33-50

[7] Stadtman ER, Levine

2000;**899**:191-208

2004;**44**:275-295

RL. Protein oxidation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[8] Willcox JK, Ash SL, Catignani GL. Antioxidants and prevention of chronic disease. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition.

[9] Mueller CF, Laude K, McNally JS, Harrison DG. ATVB in focus: Redox mechanisms in blood vessels. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 2005;**25**:274-278

*Diseases Related to Types of Free Radicals DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82879*
