**6. Conclusion**

Water availability and quality are the major challenges that are faced by the livestock and crop production systems in recent times. The observations in the study show that water inputs through forage and other feed ingredients are more than the water inputs through drinking water and that used for on-farm servicing operations such as cleaning, washing, etc. Proper management strategies are highly essential for sustaining the livestock production systems and meet the food demands of a growing population with the available water resources, for which water saving technologies and strategies are the need of the hour.

**143**

**Author details**

and Mukund A. Kataktalware2

\*, Anjumoni Mech1

2 ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Bangalore, India

\*Address all correspondence to: lethaayur@gmail.com

provided the original work is properly cited.

, Sejian Veerasamy1

1 ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

, Ravikiran Gorti1

G. Letha Devi1

*Water Use and Dairy Production System: An Indian Experience*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91193*

*Water Use and Dairy Production System: An Indian Experience DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91193*

*Livestock Health and Farming*

*Factors affecting water use (ranking; n = 240).*

**Table 3.**

water and animal conditions like lactation stage, age and body and health condi-

**Factors Rank** Seasonal variation I Weather parameters (temperature, rainfall, humidity) II Fodder, feed and other inputs III Source of water (bore well, canals, ponds, etc.) IV Animal conditions V Animal output VI

The water wastage points mainly in summer season were identified, which is

Water availability and quality are the major challenges that are faced by the livestock and crop production systems in recent times. The observations in the study show that water inputs through forage and other feed ingredients are more than the water inputs through drinking water and that used for on-farm servicing operations such as cleaning, washing, etc. Proper management strategies are highly essential for sustaining the livestock production systems and meet the food demands of a growing population with the available water resources, for which water saving

tions also play a role in water use efficiency (**Table 3**).

*Perceived water wastage points in summer season (%respondents), n = 240.*

technologies and strategies are the need of the hour.

presented in **Figure 1**.

**6. Conclusion**

**Figure 1.**

**142**
