Section 1 Livestock Health

**3**

trade [8].

**Chapter 1**

**1. Introduction**

Introductory Chapter: Livestock

Global Perspectives

33% of total protein intake throughout the world [1].

million tons by 2050 from 580 million tons in 1999 [3].

sector is also an iceberg that we are facing today [11].

the vertical expansion of livestock [5].

of global warming and acid rains [7].

*and Muhammad Javed Arshed*

Health and Farming - Regional to

*Muhammad Abubakar, Abdullah Iqbal, Shumaila Manzoor* 

Livestock comprises a global asset of more than \$1.4 trillion. The livestock sector is important in both developed and developing counties. Almost 1.3 billion peoples are involved with the livestock sector directly or indirectly. Animals are an important source of nutrients in the form of meat and milk. Livestock products provide

Livestock is one of the major subsectors of agriculture that is growing rapidly because of the increase in demand for livestock products [2]. According to estimates, global meat production would increase to 465 million tons by 2050 from 229 million tons in 1999. Similarly, milk production is expected to increase to 1043

There is a vast difference between the livestock sector of developed countries and developing countries [4]. There are more chances of an increase in the value of livestock in developing countries due to growing demand, but in industrialized countries, demand is stagnant. To meet this requirement, farmers should work on

The livestock sector has many environmental impacts. Globally, the livestock sector is the second-largest pollution-producing sector after the electricity industry [6]. Animals are responsible for emissions of gasses such as ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). These gasses are the cause

The health of animals can be described as normal physiological functioning of all the systems of the body of animals to achieve the highest production or the lack of disease. Whenever an animal gets ill, economic issue arises. Livestock diseases result in loss of production, treatment cost, prevention cost, and a barrier to

In developed countries, any livestock disease outbreak would affect the economy of the farm and country. On the other hand, in developing countries in case of any livestock disease outbreak, additional factors like food scarcity, loss of draught power, and social security are also emphasized [9]. Public health is also an issue related to livestock disease as many of these diseases are zoonotic. Transmission of these diseases takes place either by direct contact (tuberculosis, brucellosis) or via vectors (Lyme disease, West Nile disease, Rift Valley fever) [10]. Spread of antimicrobial resistance because of the misuse and abuse of antibiotics in the livestock
