Scope of the Series

Modern physiology requires a comprehensive understanding of the integration of tissues and organs throughout the mammalian body, including the expression, structure, and function of molecular and cellular components. While a daunting task, learning is facilitated by our identification of common, effective signaling pathways employed by nature to sustain life. As a main example, the cellular interplay between intracellular Ca2 increases and changes in plasma membrane potential is integral to coordinating blood flow, governing the exocytosis of neurotransmitters and modulating genetic expression. Further, in this manner, understanding the systemic interplay between the cardiovascular and nervous systems has now become more important than ever as human populations age and mechanisms of cellular oxidative signaling are utilized for sustaining life. Altogether, physiological research enables our identification of clear and precise points of transition from health to development of multi-morbidity during the inevitable aging process (e.g., diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, heart failure, age-related macular degeneration; cancer). With consideration of all organ systems (e.g., brain, heart, lung, liver; gut, kidney, eye) and the interactions thereof, this Physiology Series will address aims of resolve (1) Aging physiology and progress of chronic diseases (2) Examination of key cellular pathways as they relate to calcium, oxidative stress, and electrical signaling & (3) how changes in plasma membrane produced by lipid peroxidation products affects aging physiology.

Contents

**Section 1**

of Antioxidants

of Kawasaki Disease

**Section 2**

*by Tae Gyu Choi and Sung Soo Kim*

**Preface XI**

Redox Biology and Medicine **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 11**

**Chapter 3 35**

**Chapter 4 53**

Antioxidants **71**

**Chapter 5 73**

**Chapter 6 95**

Introductory Chapter: Free Radical Biology in Metal Toxicities—Role

*by Swastika Das, Shrilaxmi Bagali, Sayandeep K. Das, Aravind V. Patil,* 

Physiological Functions of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species

*Ishwar B. Bagoji, Kusal K. Das and Mallanagouda S. Biradar*

Role of Oxidative Stress in the Cardiovascular Complications

Radiation-Generated ROS Induce Apoptosis via Mitochondrial

Effects of Oxidative Stress on Spermatozoa and Male Infertility

Nonenzymatic Exogenous and Endogenous Antioxidants *by Ziad Moussa, Zaher M.A. Judeh and Saleh A. Ahmed*

*by Rosa Vona, Donatella Pietraforte, Lucrezia Gambardella, Alessandra Marchesi, Isabella Tarissi de Jacobis, Alberto Villani,* 

*Domenico Del Principe and Elisabetta Straface*

*by Sandra Claro, Alice Teixeira Ferreira and Maria Etsuko Miyamoto Oshiro*

*by Yi Fang and Rongzhen Zhong*
