**5.2 Identification of** *Salmonellas*

Identification of suspicious colonies among *Salmonellas* are performed in three steps.


*Salmonellas* uspicious colonies in mediums are examined by staining with gram method. Other detection methods are used for colonies where gram negative bacillus were observed.

Although several biochemical tests may be used for identification of *Salmonellas* , sufficient information may be obtained with some of them. Gillen medium 1 and 2 (urea, indole and H2S formation is controlled by fermentation of motility, glucose, mannite, sucrose and salicine ). Triple Sugar Iron Agar (Triple Sugar Iron Agar shows H2S formation by fermentation of Sucrose, Lactose and Glucose). It is used common in laboratories.

Suspicious colonies in terms of *Salmonella* are controlled by polyvalent H and O antiserums following biochemical tests. These antiserums include antibodies collectively against most of *Salmonellas* . Cultures that has given positive reaction with polyvalent antiserums are then examined with 0 group and H pool antiserums. These antiserums include antibodies of *Salmonellas* including the groups in Kauffmann-White sceheme. These groups are classified from A to I alphabetically. Positive agglutination presents the group of the culture. Specific H and 0 antiserums are required for den,itite typing.

Isolation and Identification of Salmonellas from Different Samples 145

INDOL= Planting is performed into tryptophan medium. After incubation at 37°C for 24 hours, 0,2 to 0,5 cc of Kovac indicator is dripped into indole medium. Red circle formation is

sometimes gas (*Figure 10)*.

Fig. 10. Appearance of *Salmonella* in TSI Agar

(I=indole, M=methyl red, V=voges pros cover, C=citrate)

**5.3.5 Imvic test** 

positive (*Figure 11)*.

Fig. 11. Indole Test

Serological tests are continued with positive *Salmonella* cultures.

and the bottom is yellow. "Acid reaction, glucose fermentation) H2S and gas is positive or negative. H2S reaction manifest itself with blackening of the medium. Typical reactions of *Salmonella* and Arizone species in Lysine-Iron Agar medium are purple colored sloped and red "alkaline reactions", vertical part. They produce H2S and
