**5.1.3.3 Appearance of** *Salmonella* **colonies in** *Salmonella* **– Shigella agar (SS)**

Typical *Salmonella* colonies are colorless or very light pink, opaque or semi-transparent. Some of *Salmonellas* make colonies of which the centre is black (*Figure 6)*.

Fig. 6. Appearance of *Salmonella* colonies in *Salmonella* – Shigella agar (SS)

Isolation and Identification of Salmonellas from Different Samples 143

**5.1.3.6 Appearance of bile-salts-jelatin lactose agar (Tahsin Berkin agar ) (BS) L AGAR)**  *Salmonella* colonies make cyclamen colored colonies with a diameter of 1 to 3 mm. These

*Salmonella* colonies make transparent, colorless colonies with a diameter of -4 mm (*Figure 9*).

colonies are bright, swollen (s) type colonies.

**5.1.3.7 Appearance of** *Salmonella* **colonies in EMB AGAR** 

Fig*.* 9. Apperance of *Salmonella* colonies in *EMB AGAR* 

1. Biochemical examination of suspicious colonies,

H and 0 antiserums are required for den,itite typing.

Identification of suspicious colonies among *Salmonellas* are performed in three steps.

2. Serological tests (test with polyvalent H and O group antiserums and H pools)

fermentation of Sucrose, Lactose and Glucose). It is used common in laboratories.

*Salmonellas* uspicious colonies in mediums are examined by staining with gram method. Other detection methods are used for colonies where gram negative bacillus were observed. Although several biochemical tests may be used for identification of *Salmonellas* , sufficient information may be obtained with some of them. Gillen medium 1 and 2 (urea, indole and H2S formation is controlled by fermentation of motility, glucose, mannite, sucrose and salicine ). Triple Sugar Iron Agar (Triple Sugar Iron Agar shows H2S formation by

Suspicious colonies in terms of *Salmonella* are controlled by polyvalent H and O antiserums following biochemical tests. These antiserums include antibodies collectively against most of *Salmonellas* . Cultures that has given positive reaction with polyvalent antiserums are then examined with 0 group and H pool antiserums. These antiserums include antibodies of *Salmonellas* including the groups in Kauffmann-White sceheme. These groups are classified from A to I alphabetically. Positive agglutination presents the group of the culture. Specific

**5.2 Identification of** *Salmonellas*

3. Test with bacteriophages
