**5. Conclusion**

*Current Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate*

The study by François-Fiquet et al. [4] is consistent with our study which shows

On the other hand, concerning the fields of schooling showed that the quality of life index was proportionally lower than that of the other fields [4]. Another study by Turner et al. [21] indicates that social anxiety was associated with poor academic performance, in addition to communication difficulties and words encountered in patients. The study by Broder et al. [7] found that patients with CLP requiring

In our study, 75% of parents thought that their children spoke freely with them and 45% thought that their children spoke well with other family members as well. The highest scores in the literature on parent-child relationships are partly explained by the importance of parents' investment in care over many years and also by daily concerns about the mockery and stigma that could affect their

The study by François-Fiquet et al. [4] confirmed the presence of a fusional and overprotective parental relationship that can be established, leading in some cases to an increased dependence of adolescents on their parents. This may even lead to a

Parents' feelings about their children's facial anomaly are expected to be critical to their well-being in developing the child's self-esteem, although at the birth of their babies, they may experience feelings of uneasiness, shock, confusion, pain, and guilt; over time, they seek to adapt and better understand it to ensure maxi-

The announcement of a facial malformation affecting their child is a major psychological test for parents. Other studies [10, 31–33] have found that parents' first relationships with their children are based on conscious and unconscious emotions,

When the newborn is carrying a CLP, parents are brutally confronted with their child's "spoiled, open, cracked" face, and the emotional overload of this event can slow down their emotional investment. Thus, the parent-child relationship can be affected from birth [34]. The mother's attachment to her child during childhood does not seem to be a problem, quite the contrary. This is because a mother protects

Aslan et al. [36] identified in their study the multiple variables affecting family functions and life quality of parents with cleft lip and/or palate children. In fact, the parents of CLP children need to be strengthened in behavioral control, roles, and the required attention areas of family functions at early childhood and at required attention area in all age groups of children. In addition, families need to be supportive for social, physical, and the psychological fields of QoL when their children are in adolescence growth period. Therefore, concepts of psychological services in cleft centers should be developed, and a family-centered approach should be applied

In our study, 50% of adolescents lacked vitality and energy according to them

Grollemund et al. [9] and François-Fiquet et al. [4] confirmed that although patients with bilateral FLP are functionally satisfied with their speech, swallowing, and hearing, they are significantly dissatisfied with their appearance, particularly

which essentially involve touch, sound of voice, gaze, and facial expression.

her child more when he or she has an unsightly face [8, 35].

**4.5 Orofacial functions and quality of life**

and 45%, according to their parents.

caring the psychosocial needs of parents, children, and their families.

that these patients have achieved better results in the areas of friendship.

multiple surgical procedures had lower school scores.

**4.4 Parent's relationship and quality of life**

later departure from the family unit.

mum comfort and social integration.

child [30].

**92**

At the end of this work, we concluded that patients' and their parents' perceptions of quality of life remain average, with satisfaction rates of 59.61 for the former and 60.58 for the latter.

Teenagers had the lowest quality of life rates in the items: physical appearance and self-esteem, while their parents did not like the fact that their children were dissatisfied with their lives.

Multidisciplinary management is the rule in the treatment of the after-effects of cleft lip and palate. However, it will be necessary to strengthen the role of the psychologist in the therapeutic chain of these patients, as they are currently still neglected at the expense of surgeons and orthodontists.
