*Quality of Life in Adolescents with Cleft Lip and Palate DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91348*

#### **Table 2.**

*Current Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate*

P < 0.05 value was considered significant.

lated by the patients (**Table 1**).

expressing themselves freely.

School labor and relationship with

*Results of the test/retest patients.*

teachers

confirmed by the linear regression curve (**Figure 2**).

**Domains Average test** 

terms of activity and leisure and relationships with friends.

The statistical data for this study were captured, analyzed, and compared using the Microsoft Excel 2010 software; and the Spss software, Version 23.0. Armonk,

A test-retest was performed for a sample of 10 patients that was randomly selected to see if the questions were well assimilated by the patients. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) with a 4-week interval between the two measurements with alpha level of significance alpha = 5% (corresponds to a 95% confidence).

In order to verify the validity of the questionnaire and the reproducibility of the responses of the adolescents interviewed, we conducted a test/retest with 10 adolescents who were asked after 1 month of the first interview, giving answers, for the most part, equivalent to the first answers and therefore insignificant differences (p = 0.21) and, therefore, we can conclude that the questionnaire was well assimi-

Our results show that the overall quality of life index for adolescents with CLP is 59.61, while the index for parents of patients is 60.58 (**Table 2**). The quality of life perceived by parents is therefore close to that of their children (**Figure 1**). This was

Parents overestimated their children's quality of life in terms of family relationships, self-esteem, education, and physical and psychological well-being. However, adolescents slightly overestimate their quality of life compared to their parents in

The relationship with medical and nursing staff has yielded the best results for both parents and adolescents. More than 60% of adolescents reported a better quality of life in their relationships with friends, sharing their secrets and problems and

> **Average retest score**

59.1 60.2 0.53 NS

**P-value Significance**

**score**

Family relationship 59.2 58.1 0.21 NS Friends relationship 58.7 60.2 0.54 NS Vitality 62.3 61.4 0.43 NS Self-esteem 55.1 57.2 0.24 NS Psychological well-being 56.7 58.4 0.19 NS Physical well-being 47.3 48.5 0.42 NS

Leisure and activities 62.1 61.7 0.67 NS Relationship with the nursing staff 69.3 71.4 0.12 NS Global Index 58.86 59.67 0.46 NS

**2.3 Statistical analysis**

NY: IBM Corp.

**3. Results**

**88**

**Table 1.**

*Average quality of life of adolescents and the quality of life perceived by their parents.*

#### **Figure 1.**

*Diagram of the averages of VSP-A parents and adolescents.*

According to our results, between 32.5 and 42.5% of adolescents had selfconfidence. Fifty percent of adolescents lacked vitality and energy, and 50% of adolescents often went out to play with their friends; 72.5% were understood and reassured by their friends.

About 47.5% of adolescents were satisfied with their academic performance, while 15% thought they were very well understood by their parents about their schooling. About 67.5% are complexed by their physical appearance.

Psychologically, only 2.5% of adolescents are self-confident with 47.5% tending to take life on the bright side.

The relationship with medical and nursing staff showed that 70% of adolescents found that they were understood, reassured, and respected by medical staff.

As far as parents of sick children are concerned, only 30% found that their children were too worried.

Fifteen percent of parents noticed signs of depression in their children, and 35% found that they were not at all revolted or shocked by what was happening

**Figure 2.** *Linear regression, overall quality of life index.*

around them. Sixty percent of parents noted that their children were optimistic and confident about their future; only 10% thought that their children were extremely happy and satisfied with their lives.

With regard to the education component for adolescents, parents with an average of 31% were satisfied with their children's schooling and relationship with their children's teachers. Fifty-five percent of parents noted that their children were not at all complexed by their physical appearance.

On average, 45% of parents reported that their children lacked energy and vitality; 65% of parents reported that their children tended to take life on the right side; and 70% thought their children thought that everything was fine around them.
