**2. Importance of a multidisciplinary approach targeting CRC**

To date, the multidisciplinary approach, including initiation, promotion, and progression, which is the process leading to the final diagnosis of CRC is growing interest [3, 4]. These three series of processes belong to carcinogenesis, and it is defined as the process by which environmental and genetic change from normal cells to the final diagnosis of cancer. Initiation includes genetic changes that occur spontaneously or are induced by exposure to carcinogens. Abnormal genetic changes can lead to dysregulation of signaling pathways associated with cell growth, survival, and differentiation [3, 4]. The promotion stage is taken into account in a relatively long and reversible process in which actively growing

tumor cells are accumulated. This process is still defined as benign tumor [3, 4]. Progression is a precancerous lesion, before the onset of invasive cancer. It is the last stage of tumor transformation, where genetic and phenotypic changes and cell proliferation occur. This includes a rapid increase in tumor size, and the cells may undergo additional mutations in order to be characterized by invasive and potentially metastatic [3, 4]. As a result of these processes, CRC is finally diagnosed, and after diagnosis, a difficult fight against CRC begins. Therefore, the importance of the various intracellular environmental changes that can be experienced during these three steps of carcinogenesis cannot be overlooked; further, it would encompass the various strategies that can be considered from prevention to treatment targeting CRC pathogenesis and progression. In other words, since the clear concept of effective treatment with less toxicity, which all researchers recognize as important, cannot be convinced by any theory so far, it needs to try a way to share multidisciplinary approaches with many scholars in different disciplines.
