1. Introduction

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is defined as the mucosal break of the upper gastrointestinal tract due to acid peptic digestion resulting in ulcer formation which extends beyond the muscularis mucosae into the submucosa. Most commonly it occurs in the stomach and first part of the duodenum but can also occur in the distal esophagus, distal duodenum, and jejunum and in the Meckel's diverticulum with heterotrophic gastric mucosa [1]. The size of the ulcer varies from 5 mm to several centimeters. On the other hand, erosions are superficial, less than 5 mm in size, and limited to the mucosa. PUD is still one of the commonest disorders we encounter in our clinical practice. The term "peptic" comes from the hormone pepsin which plays an important role in causing mucosal break. Peptic ulcer (PU) bleeding is the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the western world [2] and results in significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs [3]. PUD is a benign condition, is easily treatable by medical therapy, and rarely requires surgery.
