**Abstract**

There is an urgent need for the application of new protein markers in early and personalized prognostic diagnosis of cancer. As with many other types of malignancies, the number of leukemia-affected patients is on the rise. This requires novel tools when it comes to efficient treatment approaches, specifically those that are preventative and highly precise. Numerous important discoveries have recently been published regarding new proteins and their pathology-related modifications, which may play important roles in the onset and progression of leukemia. Chronic and acute lymphocytic leukemia are represented by important changes in lymphocyte cell metabolism, where many of the regulating transmembrane protein markers demonstrate altered functions in the regulation of crucial cell transduction signaling pathways. The most notable progress thus far has been achieved in studies concerning CD5, CD10, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD23, and CD52 protein markers and their associated proteins. As such, some of these signals may be applied in specific and personalized diagnostics as well as drug development.

**Keywords:** chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia, protein markers, disease proteomics, personalized cancer diagnosis
