**2. Methods**

*Cardiorespiratory Fitness*

There is great variability in cognitive aging among individuals, given the heterogeneity of biological, socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental aspects which can modulate this process. Advanced activities of daily living (AADLs) are a set of leisure activities performed on free time, independently from work, which includes volunteering, educational activities, and social participation in the community, being this dependent on personal motivation. The effects of retrogenesis are a natural process to which every individual may or may not pass, due to a number of circumstances. The effects arising from retrogenesis are cognitive and motor slowness, followed by behavioral and psychic changes, with structural and functional changes taking place, causing neural impoverishment and irreversible functional decline, which cannot be regarded as a disease but rather as a natural aging process that subsequently will induce a new process, which will form a new organization for compensating for cognitive declines [1, 2] of psychomotor function, attention, visual learning and working memory (MT). These cognitive domains are fundamental variables for a healthy life for us human beings, the psychomotor function. In gerontological literature, AADLs may indicate good physical and mental health,

and reduced engagement in these activities may suggest the onset of functional decline, cognitive impairment, and frailty. The science today aims to study the body in motion in relation to the world, with the conception of integrated and organized movements improving body movements as motor coordination, balance, and attention, which in turn is an essential skill for good adaptive and oriented functioning, are associated with the cognitive domain that enables the elderly to process all information or actions relevant to the thinking of certain tasks, leaving distracting and irrelevant stimuli aside [3], and constituting a facilitating mechanism for neural responses

according with the centralization of the mental processes of a given task [4].

conscious and safe voluntary motor action.

maintenance of cognitive skills in healthy elderly [6–8].

Rowe and Kahn [5] suggested that commitment to life is one of the essential aspects of successful aging and may delay the onset of chronic diseases and high physical and cognitive performance. Walking independently requires cognitive and motor processing whose mechanisms involved are related to attentional resources, executive functions, and the sensory and musculoskeletal systems. It is a consensus in the literature that locomotion is a factor directly related to the preservation of physical independence, performance of activities of daily living, and social interaction. The visual learning in the elderly has a key role in motor development, placing it with the external reality, providing various stimuli that help in orientation, and in their body control, enabling the ability to know, interpret, and differentiate various stimuli visually received. Vision has a direct participation in the organization and

Working memory enables the elderly to keep information in their mind at the moment they use it, searching for information relevant to their activities and performing other tasks, such as the relationship of different ideals, such as mental calculations, ordering and sequencing current and past events including consideration of facts or ideas that may come from different points of view. Once this decline is detected through testing, then we can organize cognitive and physical exercises to maintain a healthy life for the elderly and research on cognitive interventions indicating that cognitive training can lead to increased performance and

Aging is a natural and inherent process, being associated with several physical, physiological, psychological, and social changes. Among these changes, there is a decline in cognitive performance, being negatively associated with age and cognitive degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, causing impairment in the

**1. Introduction**

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### **2.1 Detection test**

The detection test uses a simple reaction time paradigm to measure processing speed in healthy volunteers in just 3 min and cognitive domain and psychomotor function. The detection test is applied with the supervision, in this case, the researcher. The test includes virtual card by computer, iPad, or tablet, universally understood, regardless of language or age; after reading, the test is started by pressing the "enter" key. In the center of the screen, a sequence of cards will appear, and the volunteer has to press the "yes" key, whenever the presented card is correct, as quickly and accurately as possible, for example, should try not to press the "yes" key. Before the card is flipped, if this happens or is not answered, this time is counted, and you will hear an error sound.

The average reaction times are transformed by the log10 unit of measurement for correct answers. The result of the detection test is the average reaction time to which the elderly responded correctly; a higher value indicates a slower response.
