**Author details**

Subodh Kumar Jain\*, Sapna Sedha and Meeta Mishra Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Harisingh Gour University, Sagar, India

\*Address all correspondence to: subjain@gmail.com

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**131**

1393404

*Genetic Polymorphism and Alcohol Metabolism DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88907*

[1] World Health Organization (WHO). Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2014. pp. 1-376

polymorphic frequencies among alcoholics and controls in the Arcadian population of Central India. The Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2018;**19**(3):725-731

[10] Mansoori AA, Jain SK. Molecular links between alcohol and tobacco induced DNA damage, gene

polymorphism and patho-physiological consequences: A systematic review of hepatic carcinogenesis. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention.

[11] World Health Organization (WHO).

Global Status Report on Alcohol. Geneva: Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse; 2004. ISBN: 92 4

[12] International Agency for

Research on Cancer (IARC). Alcohol consumption and ethyl carbamate. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans.

[13] Edenberg HJ. The genetics of alcohol metabolism: Role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase variants. Alcohol Research and Health. 2007;**30**(1):5-13

[14] Cederbaum AI. Alcohol metabolism. Clinics in Liver Disease. 2012;**16**(4): 667-685. DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2012.08.002

[15] Baraona E, Abittan CS, Dohmen K, Moretti M, Pozzato G, Chayes ZW, et al. Gender differences in pharmacokinetics

of alcohol. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research.

[16] Lee SL, Wang MF, Lee AI, Yin SJ. The metabolic role of human ADH3 functioning as ethanol dehydrogenase. FEBS Letters. 2003;**544**:143-147. http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query. fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=search& term=12782305. PMID: 12782305

2001;**25**(4):502-507

2015;**16**(12):4803-4812

156272 2

2010;**96**:1-1428

[2] World Health Organization (WHO). Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2018. pp. 1-450.

[3] Gianoulakis C, Dai X, Brown T. Effect of chronic alcohol consumption on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and pituitary-endorphin as a function of alcohol intake, age, and gender. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research. 2003;**27**:410-423

[4] Thayer JF, Hall M, Sollers JJ III, Fischer JE. Alcohol use, urinary cortisol, and heart rate variability in apparently healthy men: Evidence for impaired inhibitory control of the HPA axis in heavy drinkers. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2006;**59**:244-250

[5] Lovallo WR. Cortisol secretion patterns in addiction and addiction risk. International Journal of

[6] McCullough AJ, O'Connor JF. Alcoholic liver disease: Proposed recommendations for the American College of Gastroenterology.

Psychophysiology. 2006;**59**(3):195-202

American Journal of Gastroenterology. 1998;**93**(11):2022-2036. PMID: 9820369

[8] Ammann RW. The natural history of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis. Internal Medicine. 2001;**40**(5):368-375. PMID:

[7] National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) 68th report on Household Consumption in India in 2011-2012. The

[9] Mansoori AA, Jain SK. ADH1B, ALDH2, GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene

Hindu News Report, India

ISBN: 978-92-4-156563-9

**References**

*Genetic Polymorphism and Alcohol Metabolism DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88907*
