Meet the editors

Edward T. Zawada Jr., MD, was born in Chicago, Illinois, in 1947. He graduated summa cum laude with a Bachelor of Science from Loyola University, Chicago, in 1969 and an MD (also summa cum laude) from the Loyola Stritch School of Medicine in 1973. He was inducted into Alpha Omega Alpha in 1972. He trained in internal medicine and nephrology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA where he later served as an

assistant professor of medicine. He had a long career in academic medicine at the University of Utah, Medical College of Virginia, and Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota where he is a professor and chairman emeritus of the Department of Internal Medicine. He is board certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine in internal medicine, nephrology, geriatrics, and critical care medicine. He also has board certifications in nutrition from the American College of Nutrition, pharmacology by the American Society of Clinical Pharmacology, and hypertension by the American Society of Hypertension. Dr. Zawada has been awarded with fellowship status by the American College of Physicians, the American College of Chest Physicians, the American Heart Association, the American Society of Nephrology, the American Geriatrics Society, the American College of Clinical Pharmacology, the Society for Vascular Medicine, and the Society of Critical Care Medicine. He was also awarded a distinguished service award by the South Dakota Medical Society in 2002 for a career devoted to medical education and master of the American College of Physicians in 2005.

Dr. Sohail Abdul Salim is an American Board Certified Nephrologist practicing in Jackson, Mississippi. He finished his internal medicine residency in 2011 at Brookdale Hospital Medical Center and fellowship in nephrology and hypertension in 2017 from the University of Mississippi. He received a best abstract award from the University of Mississippi and a fellow scholarship from the annual dialysis conference. During the last three years he has

authored around ten poster presentations, twenty-seven peer-reviewed publications (most of them as first author) and two book chapters. He has also lectured for multiple conferences, the most recent being "Nephrology Essentials" for the Society of Hospital Medicine. Dr. Salim serves as a reviewer for at least five journals. His research interests are mostly related to nephrotoxic drugs affecting the kidney and the implications in clinical practice.

Contents

Introductory Chapter: Renal Diseases

Role of Surgery in Nephrotic Syndrome *by Intezar Ahmed and Enono Yhoshu*

Renal Biopsy: Appraisal of the Methods

*by Swati Jain, Kirti Jain and Basavaraj Patthi*

*by Edward T. Zawada*

*by Ogochukwu Okoye*

*and Supraja Jannu*

Hemodialysis and Oral Health

**Preface III**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 5**

**Chapter 3 13**

**Chapter 4 25**

**Chapter 5 37**

**Chapter 6 53**

Post-Biopsy Complications Associated with Percutaneous Kidney Biopsy

*Silvana Maria Carvalho Miranda, Fabiano Franco Monteiro Prado,* 

*Fabrício Tinôco Alvim de Souza and Maria Carolina Barbosa Álvares*

Causes and Pathophysiology of Nephrotic Syndrome in Childhood *by Nagaraju Vallepu, Saikiran Velpula, Bharath Kumar Dasari,* 

*Manish Kumar Thimmaraju, Sridhar Babu Gummadi, Neeraja Yelugam* 

*by Paulo Ramos Botelho Antunes, Stanley Almeida Araújo,* 

*Luiz Felipe França Antunes, Elisa Carvalho de Siqueira,* 
