**1.4 Real-muscular diseases**

Real-muscular diseases are caused by pathological tension of the muscle and its subsidiary structure due to chronic ischemia and oxygen deficit.

## **1.5 Post-muscular diseases**

Post-muscular diseases refer to a series of diseases caused by the muscles with pathological tensions that affects other organs (e.g., nerve or blood vessels) which are mostly distributed in or nearby the muscles.

#### **1.6 Needle manipulation**

Needle manipulation refers to pushing the needle to a proper depth after the needle is inserted into the subcutaneous layer.

#### **1.7 Sweeping movement**

Sweeping movement refers to a series of parallel and left-to-right movements of the needle in the subcutaneous layer after the needle manipulation.

#### **1.8 Reperfusion approach**

Reperfusion approach is to make tightened muscles contract vigorously within a short time and then relax in order to supply more blood to the ischemic part. It is suggested to provide equal force back by doctors when the muscles contract.

Reperfusion approach is often used during sweeping movement, and it can also be used separately for treatment of mild illnesses.
