**1.1.2 Anatomic changes**

A dilatation of ureters and pelvis occurs till pelvic brim (iliac sign) with dilatation more pronounced on right secondary to dextrorotation of uterus and dilatation of right ovarian venous plexus. This leads to urinary stasis and an risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). There is an increase in kidney size by 1-1.5 cm. As a rule, all the physiologic changes maximize by the end of the second trimester and then start to return to the prepartum level, whereas changes in the anatomy take up to 3 months postpartum to subside.(Hou, S . 1998, Chris Baylis, 1987)
