Mathematic Models for Tumor Detection

**74**

*Cutaneous Melanoma*

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**77**

**Chapter 6**

**Abstract**

tomography

**1. Introduction**

types of skin tumors.

and Melanomas

*and Oleg O. Myakinin*

2D Fourier Fractal Analysis of

*Wei Gao, Bingjiang Lin, Valery P. Zakharov* 

and benign melanocytic nevi as compared to the 2D DBCM.

**Keywords:** skin tumor, basal cell carcinomas, melanomas, fractal dimension, differential box counting method, Fourier fractal analysis, optical coherence

The OCT technique is an optical imaging modality that could provide highresolution and cross-sectional visualization of biological tissues [1]. The OCT technique was firstly utilized for imaging retinal tissue [2]. In 1997, the OCT technique was used in the evaluation and the detection of diseases in the skin because it can detect the diseases or wounds in a noninvasive way. The burn wounds and the wound healing processes have been studied by using the OCT technique [3–5]. By utilizing the OCT technique, the morphological changes of skin tissue can be obtained from OCT images. Besides, the OCT technique has been used to analyze the differences in morphological changes in skin tumors [6]. Particularly, the morphological changes can be used as an indicator to characterize the different

Optical Coherence Tomography

Images of Basal Cell Carcinomas

The optical coherence tomography (OCT) technique is applied in the diagnosis of the skin tissue. In general, quantitative imaging features obtained from OCT images have already been used as biomarkers to categorize skin tumors. Particularly, the fractal dimension (FD) could be capable of providing an efficient approach for analyzing OCT images of skin tumors. The 2D Fourier fractal analysis (FFA) as well as the differential box counting method (DBCM) was used in this paper to classify the basal cell carcinomas (BCC), melanomas, and benign melanocytic nevi. Generalized estimating equations were used to test for differences between skin tumors. Our results showed that the significant decrease of the 2D FD was detected in the benign melanocytic nevi and basal cell carcinomas as compared with the melanomas. Our results also suggested that the 2D FFA could provide a more efficient way to calculating FD to differentiate the basal cell carcinomas, melanomas,
