**Author details**

*Cutaneous Melanoma*

*b*

*1*

*2*

**Table 3.**

*Fourier: the 2D FAA*

*DBC: the 2D DBCM*

**Table 2.**

the skin tumors than the 2D DBCM.

the skin tumors.

**4. Conclusion**

showed that the differences of the Fourier FDs between the melanomas and the basal cell carcinomas are bigger than the differences of the differential box counting dimension, which could lead to a conclusion that the 2D Fourier FD could be better to classify the melanomas from the basal cell carcinomas. Our results also showed that the computational time for calculating 2D Fourier FD is much less than the computational time for calculating the 2D differential box counting dimension. This particular result suggested that the 2D FAA is more efficient to differentiate

Time(s) 0.088 ± 0.003 1.059 ± 0.020

**Fractal analysis Melanomas Basal cell carcinomas Nevi** FD 2.388 ± 0.011 2.346 ± 0.013b 2.355 ± 0.008b

*(see nevi column) and between melanomas and basal cell carcinomas (see basal column)*

*Comparison of the computational time for calculating the FD by using the two methods.*

*Distribution of FD (mean ± SD) values calculated by using the DBCM.*

*p < 0:001 (ANOVA followed by Newman-Keuls post hoc analysis) between melanomas and benign melanocytic nevi* 

**Fourier1 DBC2**

There are several potential shortcomings of our study. The custom-built SD-OCT technology has some limitations as compared to the more pioneering OCT technology. In addition, current OCT devices include different algorithms and methodologies for the removal of the speckle noise. Therefore, data analysis is influenced by special assumptions and technological specifications that are in place for each individual OCT device. Another limitation is that only 20 scans were randomly selected for each type of skin tumors. Thus, more scans would be beneficial for extracting the more accurate FD and find the diagnostic parameter to differentiate

In summary, we have described an efficient approach to calculate the 2D FD form OCT images for classifying the basal cell carcinomas, melanomas, and benign melanocytic nevi in this paper. The preliminary results presented have indicated that the 2D FAA is more efficient for extracting the FD than the 2D DBCM. Particularly, the change in the fractal dimension may reflect the pathological metabolic changes in melanomas. More research studies are needed to determine the accuracy, repeatability, and full capability of this methodology with more OCT

This research was supported in part by the research grant D2016009 from the Ningbo University of Technology of China and the research grant nos. 2017A610239, 2018A610249, and 2018A610362 from the Ningbo Natural Science Foundation.

**84**

images.

**Acknowledgements**

Wei Gao1 , Bingjiang Lin2 \*, Valery P. Zakharov3 and Oleg O. Myakinin3

1 School of Safety Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China

2 Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China

3 Department of Laser and Biotechnical Systems, Samara National Research University, Samara, Russian Federation

\*Address all correspondence to: bingjianglin@foxmail.com

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
